聚乳酸熔融紡纖維熱粘合固化三維多孔無(wú)序支架的制備方法
【技術(shù)領(lǐng)域】
[0001 ] 本發(fā)明涉及聚乳酸熔融紡纖維熱粘合固化三維多孔無(wú)序支架的制備方法。
【背景技術(shù)】
[0002]北卡羅萊納州立大學(xué)非織造布研宄中心的Fedorova et al.[FedorovaN，Pourdeyhimi B:High strength nylon micro—and nanofiber based nonwovensvia spunbonding.J Appl Polym Sci 2007，104 (5): 3434-3442.]利用錦給 6(N6)和PLA(Natureworks)制備不同的海島纖維(錦纟侖6為島，PLA為海)，然后纖維網(wǎng)通過(guò)30m/min的水刺加固成織物。再將織物利用3%的NaOH溶液，在100°C處理1min去除掉PLA成分。通過(guò)溶掉PLA組分后，可以得到微米和納米纖維，并且纖維直徑可以達(dá)到0.36-1.3mm。
[0003]關(guān)于PLA 溶融紡纖維，還有 Polypropylene/Poly (lactic acid) (PP/PLA)雙組份纖維[Arvidson SA，Roskov KE，Pate JJ，Spontak RJ，Khan SAj Gorga RE:Modificat1n ofMelt-Spun Isotactic Polypropylene and Poly (lactic acid) Bicomponent Filamentswith a Premade Block Copolymer.Macromolecules 2012，45(2):913-925.；Liu Yj ToviaF，Pierce JD:Consumer Acceptability of Scent-1nfused Knitting Scarves UsingFunct1nal Melt-spun PP/PLA Bicomponent Fibers.Text Res J2009，79 (6):566-573.]、poly(lactic acid)/hydroxyapatite(PLA/HA)[Persson M，Lorite GS，Cho SWj TuukkanenJj Skrifvars M:Melt Spinning of Poly (lactic acid)and Hydroxyapatite CompositeFibers:1nfluence of the Filler Content on the Fiber Properties.Acs ApplMater Inter 2013，5 (15):6864-6872.]、poly(lactic acid) /Poly(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-R-3-hydroxyvalerate (PLA/PHBV)[Pivsa-Art S，Srisawat N，O-CharoenNj Pavasupree Sj Pivsa-Art W:Preparat1n of Knitting Socks from Poly(lacticacid)and Poly[ (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyvalerate](PHBV) blends forTextile Industrials.Enrgy Proced 2011，9.]、poly(lactic acid)/polyvinylidenefluoride (PLA/PVDF)[Fryczkowski Rj Fryczkowska B，Binias Wj Janicki J: Morphologyof fibrous composites of PLA and PVDF.Compos Sci Technol 2013，89:186-193.]、Polylactide/Multiwa11 Carbon Nanotube (PLA/MWNT) [Rizvi R，Tong Lj NaguibH:Processing and Properties of Melt Spun Polylactide-Multiwall Carbon NanotubeFiber Composites.J Polym Sci Pol Phys 2014，52(6):477-484.]、Polylactide/poly (vinyl alcohol) (PLA/PVA)[Tran NHAj Brunig H，Hinuber Cj Heinrich G:MeltSpinning of B1degradable Nanofibrillary Structures from Poly (lactic acid)and Poly (vinyl alcohol)Blends.Macromol Mater Eng 2014，299 (2):219-227.]、Polylactide/poIy(butylene succinate)(PLA/PBS)[Jompang L，Thumsorn S，On JWj SurinPj Apawet Cj Chaichalermwong T，Kaabbuathong Nj O-Charoen Nj Srisawat N:Poly (lacticacid)and Poly (butylene succinate)Blend Fibers Prepared by Melt SpinningTechnique.1Oth Eco-Energy and Materials Science and Engineering Symposium2013，34:493-499.]。
[0004]此外，也有研宄人員將PLA加工成織物(機(jī)織物、針織物、三維正交織物)、非織造布(熔噴非織造布、紡粘非織造布、針刺非織造布、熱粘合非織造布和靜電紡納米纖維非織造布)、復(fù)合材料、膜等形式。
[0005]Dai et al.[Dai XJJ, du Plessis J, Kyratzis IL, Maurdev G, Huson MG, CoombsC:Controlled Amine Funct1nalizat1n and Hydrophilicity of a Poly (lacticacid)Fabric.Plasma Process Polym2009, 6(8):490-497.]將 PLA 恪融紡纖維制備成針織物然后進(jìn)行等離子體處理。Bae et al.[Bae GY, Jang J, Jeong YG, LyooWS, Min BG:Superhydrophobic PLA fabrics prepared by UV photo-grafting ofhydrophobic silica particles possessing vinyl groups.J Colloid Interf Sci2010，344(2):584-587.]利用紫外照射技術(shù)在PLA織物表面接枝疏水性的二氧化硅粒子制備超疏水織物。Nodo et al.[Nodo K, Leong Yff, Hamada H:Effect of knitted and woventextile structures on the mechanical performance of poly (lactic acid)textileinsert inject1n-compress1n moldings.J Appl Polym Sci 2012,125:E200-E207.]石開(kāi)宄PLA機(jī)織物和針織物沖擊試驗(yàn)的載荷性能，結(jié)果表明通過(guò)壓縮成型制備的PLA織物具有較好的韌性和延伸性。此外，還有PLA三維正交織物[Zhou NT, Geng XY, Ye MQ, Yao L, ShanZD,Qiu YP:Mechanical and sound adsorpt1n properties of cellular poly(lacticacid)matrix composites reinforced with 3D ramie fabrics woven with co-wrappedyarns.1nd Crop Prod 2014,56:1-8.]o
[0006]熔噴技術(shù)是借助高速氣流將熱塑性聚合物制備成超細(xì)纖維非織造布，這種非織造布具有較小的孔徑和較大的孔隙率。Liu et al.[Liu Y, Cheng Bff, ChengGX:Development and Filtrat1n Performance of Polylactic Acid Meltblowns.TextRes J 2010, 80(9):771-779.]將美國(guó) Natureworks 的 PLA 切片(Tg=52°C，Tm= 168°C )依次經(jīng)過(guò)干燥、熔融擠出、過(guò)濾、齒輪計(jì)量、紡絲、熱空氣拉伸、冷卻和卷繞接收來(lái)制備PLA熔噴非織造布。其中接收距離為20cm，熱空氣壓力為0.15MPa，紡絲溫度為220°C，熱空氣溫度分別為250、260、270、280、290和300°C，狹縫寬度分別為0.3,0.4,0.5和0.6cm。并且分別研宄了熱空氣溫度(250-290°C)和狹縫寬度(0.3-0.6cm)的變化對(duì)PLA熔噴非織造布的纖維直徑、孔隙率、平均孔徑、0.3 μπι和0.5 μπι顆粒的過(guò)濾效率以及透氣量的影響及變化規(guī)律° Majchrzycka[Majchrzycka K:Evaluat1n of a New B1active NonwovenFabric for Respiratory Protect1n.Fibres Text East Eur 2014，22 (I):81-88.]利用Natureworks的PLA切片(Tm= 160-170