離子源數(shù)字pid控制參數(shù)自整定系統(tǒng)及方法
【專利摘要】本發(fā)明提供離子源數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)白整定系統(tǒng)及方法，包括陽極電流測量模塊、陽極高壓脈沖產(chǎn)生模塊、熱絲電流控制模塊、熱絲電流測量模塊、MCU主控模塊以及上位機；陽極電流測量模塊、陽極高壓脈沖產(chǎn)生模塊、熱絲電流控制模塊、熱絲電流測量模塊分別于MCU主控模塊連接。整個系統(tǒng)在更換中子管之后，數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)不用重新調(diào)整，可以有效的解決人工調(diào)試數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)繁瑣、耗時的問題，同時降低對調(diào)試人員調(diào)試經(jīng)驗的要求。
【專利說明】離子源數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)自整定系統(tǒng)及方法

【技術(shù)領(lǐng)域】
[0001]本發(fā)明涉及離子源數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)自整定系統(tǒng)及方法。

【背景技術(shù)】
[0002]隨著可控中子源在石油測井領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用，中子管離子源控制技術(shù)應(yīng)用越來越廣泛。在實際使用過程中由于中子管類型不同，現(xiàn)有控制技術(shù)無法適應(yīng)所有類型中子管，并且目前離子源控制技術(shù)存在以下問題:
[0003]目前模擬PID電路參數(shù)的設(shè)定要求設(shè)計人員具有豐富的模擬電路調(diào)試經(jīng)驗，并且要調(diào)試人員反復(fù)調(diào)整電阻或電容等參數(shù)才能達到控制精度要求，其調(diào)試過程非常繁瑣、耗時。
[0004]目前PID控制系統(tǒng)使用前需要對三個PID參數(shù)進行設(shè)定。另外環(huán)境溫度的變化使得中子管電阻發(fā)生變化導(dǎo)致整個系統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)性能變差，適用性變差的情況。并且在中子管產(chǎn)生中子過程中靶壓變化引起陽極電流變化，控制系統(tǒng)不能快速的回到平衡位置，導(dǎo)致中子管不能穩(wěn)定的產(chǎn)生中子，最終將影響測井結(jié)果的準確性。


【發(fā)明內(nèi)容】

[0005]本發(fā)明提出了一種基于離子源數(shù)字PID控制器自整定系統(tǒng)及方法，解決人工調(diào)試模擬PID控制系統(tǒng)參數(shù)耗時、繁瑣的問題，同時解決目前離子源數(shù)字PID控制系統(tǒng)參數(shù)不能自整定的缺點。
[0006]本發(fā)明的具體方案:
[0007]該離子源數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)自整定系統(tǒng)，包括陽極電流測量模塊、陽極高壓脈沖產(chǎn)生模塊、熱絲電流控制模塊、熱絲電流測量模塊、MCU主控模塊以及上位機；
[0008]上述陽極電流測量模塊、陽極高壓脈沖產(chǎn)生模塊、熱絲電流控制模塊、熱絲電流測量模塊分別于MCU主控模塊連接；
[0009]上述陽極電流測量模塊由陽極電流測量電路組成，用于測試陽極電流；
[0010]上述陽極高壓脈沖產(chǎn)生模塊由高壓電源和陽極開關(guān)電路組成，用以產(chǎn)生離子源電離時所需的高壓脈沖；
[0011]上述熱絲電流控制模塊由恒流源控制電路組成，用于產(chǎn)生離子源電離時所需要的熱絲電流；
[0012]上述熱絲電流測量模塊由熱絲測量電路組成，用于測量熱絲電流的大??；
[0013]上述MCU主控模塊用于接收上位機命令控制離子源電離；
[0014]上述上位機由微型機和地面箱體組成，用于發(fā)送命令給MCU主控模塊控制離子源系統(tǒng)進行電離。
[0015]上述MCU主控模塊由MCU、ADC電路、DAC電路和串口通訊組成，用于接收上位機命令控制離子源電離；上述MCU包括依次連接的平滑濾波單元、電流比較單元、模糊控制單元和數(shù)字PID控制單元；上述平滑濾波單元的輸入端接陽極電流測量模塊的輸出端，上述數(shù)字PID控制單元的輸出端接熱絲電流控制模塊的輸入端。
[0016]一種離子源數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)自整定方法，包括以下步驟:
[0017]I)上位機設(shè)定陽極電流，發(fā)送電離啟動命令；
[0018]2)MCU通過串口通訊接收上位機的命令，陽極高壓脈沖產(chǎn)生模塊產(chǎn)生離子源電離時所需的高壓脈沖，熱絲電流控制模塊產(chǎn)生離子源電離時所需要的熱絲電流；
[0019]3)陽極電流測量電路對陽極電流進行釆集，然后對釆集數(shù)據(jù)進行平滑濾波并與設(shè)定的陽極電流進行比較，根據(jù)陽極電流變化的趨勢和快慢確定數(shù)字PID控制待整定參數(shù)比例因子Kp、積分時間因子K1、微分時間因子Kd，
[0020]4)將待整定參數(shù)Kp，Ki，Kd送入PID調(diào)節(jié)器，根據(jù)計算結(jié)果控制熱絲電流的增減來達到離子源控制系統(tǒng)的平衡。
[0021]上述步驟3)中待整定參數(shù)Kp，Ki，Kd通過以下方式確定:
[0022]3.1)生成49條模糊規(guī)則:
[0023]1.1f (E is NB) and (EC is NB) then (kp is PB) (ki is NB) (kd is PM)
[0024]2.1f (E is NB) and (EC is NM) then (kp is PB) (ki is NB) (kd is PM)
[0025]3.1f (E is NB) and (EC is NS) then (kp is PM) (ki is NM) (kd is PS)
[0026]4.1f (E is NB) and (EC is Z) then (kp is PM) (ki is NS) (kd is NB)
[0027]5.1f (E is NB) and (EC is PS) then (kp is PS) (ki is PS) (kd is NM)
[0028]6.1f (E is NB) and (EC is PM) then (kp is Z0) (ki is Z0) (kd is NS)
[0029]7.1f (E is NB) and (EC is PB) then (kp is Z0) (ki is Z0) (kd is NS)
[0030]8.1f (E is NM) and (EC is NB) then (kp is PB) (ki is NB) (kd is PM)
[0031]9.1f (E is NM) and (EC is NM) then (kp is PM) (ki is NM) (kd is PM)
[0032]10.1f (E is NM) and (EC is NS) then (kp is PS) (ki is NS) (kd is PS)
[0033]11.1f (E is NM) and (EC is Z) then (kp is NS) (ki is NS) (kd is NB)
[0034]12.1f (E is NM) and (EC is PS) then (kp is NM) (ki is PS) (kd is NM)
[0035]13.1f (E is NM) and (EC is PM) then (kp is Z0) (ki is Z0) (kd is NM)
[0036]14.1f (E is NM) and (EC is PB) then (kp is Z0) (ki is Z0) (kd is NS)
[0037]15.1f (E is NS) and (EC is NB) then (kp is PM) (ki is NM) (kd is Z0)
[0038]16.1f (E is NS) and (EC is NM) then (kp is PS) (ki is NS) (kd is PS)
[0039]17.1f (E is NS) and (EC is NS) then (kp is NS) (ki is NS) (kd is NS)
[0040]18.1f (E is NS) and (EC is Z) then (kp is NM) (ki is PS) (kd is NM)
[0041]19.1f (E is NS) and (EC is PS) then (kp is Z0) (ki is Z0) (kd is NS)
[0042]20.1f (E is NS) and (EC is PM) then (kp is NS) (ki is PS) (kd is NS)
[0043]21.1f (E is NS) and (EC is PB) then (kp is NS) (ki is PS) (kd is Z0)
[0044]22.1f (E is Z0) and (EC is NB) then (kp is PS) (ki is NS) (kd is Z0)
[0045]23.1f (E is Z0) and (EC is NM) then (kp is NS) (ki is NS) (kd is NS)
[0046]24.1f (E is Z0) and (EC is NS) then (kp is NM) (ki is NM) (kd is NS)
[0047]25.1f (E is Z0) and (EC is Z0) then (kp is Z0) (ki is Z0) (kd is Z0)
[0048]26.1f (E is Z0) and (EC is PS) then (kp is NS) (ki is NS) (kd is NS)
[0049]27.1f (E is Z0) and (EC is PM) then (kp is PS) (ki is PS) (kd is NS)
[0050]28.1f (E is Z0)and(EC is PB)then(kp is PM) (ki is PM)(kd is Z0)
[0051]29.1f (E is PS) and (EC is NB) then (kp is NM) (ki is NM) (kd is Z0)
[0052]30.1f (E is PS) and (EC is NM) then (kp is PS) (ki is PS) (kd is Z0)
[0053]31.1f (E is PS) and (EC is NS) then (kp is Z0) (ki is Z0) (kd is NS)
[0054]32.1f (E is PS) and (EC is Z0) then (kp is NM) (ki is NM) (kd is Z0)
[0055]33.1f (E is PS) and (EC is PS) then (kp is NS) (ki is NS) (kd is Z0)
[0056]34.1f (E is PS) and (EC is PM) then (kp is PS) (ki is PS) (kd is Z0)
[0057]35.1f (E is PS) and (EC is PB) then (kp is PM) (ki is PM) (kd is Z0)
[0058]36.1f (E is PM) and (EC is NB) then (kp is Z0) (ki is Z0) (kd is PS)
[0059]37.1f (E is PM) and (EC is NM) then (kp is Z0) (ki is Z0) (kd is NS)
[0060]38.1f (E is PM) and (EC is NS) then (kp is PS) (ki is PS) (kd is PS)
[0061]39.1f (E is PM) and (EC is Z) then (kp is PM) (ki is PS) (kd is PS)
[0062]40.1f (E is PM) and (EC is PS) then (kp is PM) (ki is PM) (kd is PM)
[0063]41.1f (E is PM) and (EC is PM) then (kp is PM) (ki is PM) (kd is PM)
[0064]42.1f(E is PM)and(EC is PB)then (kp is PB) (ki is PB)(kd is PB)
[0065]43.1f (E is PB) and (EC is NB) then (kp is Z0) (ki is Z0) (kd is PB)
[0066]44.1f (E is PB) and (EC is NM) then (kp is Z0) (ki is Z0) (kd is PB)
[0067]45.1f (E is PB) and (EC is NS) then (kp is PM) (ki is PM) (kd is PM)
[0068]46.1f (E is PB) and (EC is Z0) then (kp is PM) (ki is PM) (kd is PM)
[0069]47.1f (E is PB)and(EC is PS)then (kp is PM)(ki is PM)(kd is PM)
[0070]48.1f(E is PB)and(EC is PM)then(kp is PB)(ki is PB)(kd is PB)
[0071]49.1f (E is PB)and(EC is PB)then (kp is PB) (ki is PB)(kd is PB)
[0072]其中:PB為極大值，PM為中值，PS為極小值，ZO為零值，NS為負的極小值，NM為負的中值，NB為負的極大值；
[0073]3.2)建立控制規(guī)則表
[0074]所述Kp控制規(guī)則表為:
[0075]{PB, PB, PM, PM, PS, Z0, Z0}，
[0076]{PB, PM, PS, NS, NM, Z0, Z0}，
[0077]{PM, PS, NS, NM, Z0, NS, NS}，
[0078]{PS, NS, NM, Z0, NS, PS, PM}，
[0079]{NM, PS, Z0, NM, NS, PS, PM}，
[0080]{Z0, Z0, PS, PM, PM, PM, PB}，
[0081]{Z0, Z0, PM, PM, PM, PB, PB}；
[0082]所述Ki規(guī)則表為:
[0083]{NB, NB, NM, NS, PS, Z0, Z0}，
[0084]{NB, NM, NS, NS, PS, Z0, Z0}，
[0085]{NM, NS, NS, PS, Z0, PS, PS}，
[0086]{NS, NS, NM, Z0, NS, PS, PM}，
[0087]{NM, PS, Z0, NM, NS, PS, PM}，
[0088]{Z0, ZO, PS, PS, PM, PM, PB}，
[0089]{ZO, ZO, PM, PM, PM, PB, PB}；
[0090]上述Kd規(guī)則表為:
[0091 ]{PM, PM, PS, NB, NM, NS, NS}，
[0092]{PM, PM, PS, NB, NM, NM, NS}，
[0093]{ZO, PS, NS, NM, NS, NS, ZO}，
[0094]{ZO, NS, NS, ZO, NS, NS, ZO}，
[0095]{ZO, ZO, NS, ZO, ZO, ZO, ZO}，
[0096]{PS, NS, PS, PS, PM, PM, PB}，
[0097]{PB, PB, PM, PM, PM, PB, PB}；
[0098]3.3)利用重心法進行反模糊處理得出Kp，Ki, Kd值。
[0099]上述步驟4)的具體步驟為:
[0100]將Kp，Ki，Kd代入公式
[0101]DAOut = Ki*Sum(El....En)_Kp*E - Kd*EC ；
[0102]計算出來的DAOut通過單片機送到DA達到控制燈絲電流大小。
[0103]上述的離子源數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)自整定方法，還包括將采集到的陽極電流、熱絲電流傳給上位機進行實時顯示的步驟。
[0104]本發(fā)明的優(yōu)點:
[0105]整個系統(tǒng)在自整定過程中不需要調(diào)節(jié)硬件參數(shù)。
[0106]整個系統(tǒng)在更換中子管之后，數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)不用重新調(diào)整，可以有效的解決人工調(diào)試數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)繁瑣、耗時的問題，同時降低對調(diào)試人員調(diào)試經(jīng)驗的要求。

【專利附圖】

【附圖說明】
[0107]圖1是本發(fā)明的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)圖；
[0108]圖2是本發(fā)明的陽極電流測量電路原理圖；
[0109]圖3是本發(fā)明的陽極高壓脈沖產(chǎn)生原理框圖；
[0110]圖4是本發(fā)明的燈絲電流控制電路原理圖；
[0111]圖5是本發(fā)明的燈絲電流測量電路原理圖；
[0112]圖6是本發(fā)明的PID自整定系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)圖。

【具體實施方式】
[0113]本發(fā)明的離子源數(shù)字PID參數(shù)自整定系統(tǒng)由陽極電流測量模塊、陽極高壓脈沖產(chǎn)生模塊、熱絲電流控制模塊、熱絲電流測量模塊、MCU主控模塊以及上位機組成。
[0114]參見圖2，陽極電流測量模塊由陽極電流測量電路組成，用于測試陽極電流。
[0115]陽極高壓脈沖產(chǎn)生模塊由高壓電源和陽極開關(guān)電路組成，用以產(chǎn)生離子源電離時所需的高壓脈沖。
[0116]熱絲電流控制模塊由恒流源控制電路組成，用于產(chǎn)生離子源電離時所需要的熱絲電流。
[0117]熱絲電流測量模塊由熱絲測量電路組成，用于測量熱絲電流的大小。
[0118]MCU主控模塊由MCU、ADC、DAC和串口通訊組成用于接收上位機命令控制離子源電離。
[0119]上位機由微型機和地面箱體組成，用于發(fā)送命令給MCU主控模塊控制離子源系統(tǒng)進行電離。
[0120]MCU通過串口通訊接收上位機的軟件設(shè)定的陽極電流、電離啟動命令后,首先通過陽極電流測量電路對陽極電流進行采集，然后對采集數(shù)據(jù)進行平滑濾波并與設(shè)定陽極電流進行比較，根據(jù)陽極電流變化的趨勢和快慢確定數(shù)字PID控制待整定參數(shù)Kp，Ki, Kd,以此控制熱絲電流的增減來達到離子源控制系統(tǒng)的平衡；整個過程中MCU還需要將采集到的陽極電流、熱絲電流傳給上位機進行實時顯示，以便觀測整個自整定過程。
[0121]本發(fā)明是一套用于離子源數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)自整定系統(tǒng)，其原理框圖如附圖1所示，包括:陽極電流測量模塊、陽極高壓脈沖產(chǎn)生模塊、熱絲電流控制模塊、熱絲電流測量模塊、MCU主控模塊以及上位機。
[0122]本發(fā)明模糊控制器的輸入模糊語言變量取為E、EC，本發(fā)明離子源數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)自整定系統(tǒng)Kp，Ki, Kd參數(shù)確定如下:
[0123]首先建立Kp控制規(guī)則表:
[0124]{PB, PB, PM, PM, PS, ZO, Ζ0}，
[0125]{PB, PM, PS, NS, NM, ZO, Ζ0}，
[0126]{PM, PS, NS, NM, Ζ0, NS, NS}，
[0127]{PS, NS, NM, ZO, NS, PS, PM}，
[0128]{NM, PS, ZO, NM, NS, PS, PM}，
[0129]{ZO, ZO, PS, PM, PM, PM, PB}，
[0130]{ZO, Ζ0, PM, PM, PM, PB, PB}
[0131]建立Ki規(guī)則表:
[0132]{NB, NB, NM, NS, PS, ZO, Ζ0}，
[0133]{NB, NM, NS, NS, PS, ZO, Ζ0}，
[0134]{NM, NS, NS, PS, ZO, PS, PS}，
[0135]{NS, NS, NM, ZO, NS, PS, PM}，
[0136]{NM, PS, ZO, NM, NS, PS, PM}，
[0137]{ZO, ZO, PS, PS, PM, PM, PB}，
[0138]{ZO, Ζ0, PM, PM, PM, PB, PB}
[0139]建立Kd規(guī)則表:
[0140]{PM, PM, PS, NB, NM, NS, NS}，
[0141 ] {PM, PM, PS, NB, NM, NM, NS}，
[0142]{ZO, PS, NS, NM, NS, NS, Ζ0}，
[0143]{ZO, NS, NS, ZO, NS, NS, Ζ0}，
[0144]{ZO, ZO, NS, ZO, ZO, ZO, Ζ0}，
[0145]{PS, NS, PS, PS, PM, PM, PB}，
[0146]{PB, PB, PM, PM, PM, PB, PB}
[0147]其中:ΡΒ為極大值，PM為中值，PS為極小值，ZO為零值，NS為負的極小值，NM為負的中值，NB為負的極大值；
[0148]本發(fā)明離子源數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)自整定系統(tǒng)算法具體內(nèi)容如下:
[0149]分析被控對象，確定被控量即控制系統(tǒng)指標。
[0150]確定模糊控制器的結(jié)構(gòu)
[0151]設(shè)計模糊變量語言
[0152]根據(jù)模糊規(guī)則確定模糊控制規(guī)則表
[0153]利用重心法進行反模糊處理得出Kp，Ki, Kd值
[0154]將Kp，Ki，Kd代入公式
[0155]DAOut = Ki^Sum(El....En) -Kp^E - Kd^EC ;計算出來的 DAOut 通過單片機送到 DA達到控制燈絲電流大小。
[0156]生成49條模糊規(guī)則如下:
[0157]1.1f (E is NB) and (EC is NB) then (kp is PB) (ki is NB) (kd is PM)
[0158]2.1f (E is NB) and (EC is NM) then (kp is PB) (ki is NB) (kd is PM)
[0159]3.1f (E is NB) and (EC is NS) then (kp is PM) (ki is NM) (kd is PS)
[0160]4.1f (E is NB) and (EC is Z) then (kp is PM) (ki is NS) (kd is NB)
[0161]5.1f (E is NB) and (EC is PS) then (kp is PS) (ki is PS) (kd is NM)
[0162]6.1f (E is NB) and (EC is PM) then (kp is ZO) (ki is ZO) (kd is NS)
[0163]7.1f (E is NB) and (EC is PB) then (kp is ZO) (ki is ZO) (kd is NS)
[0164]8.1f (E is NM) and (EC is NB) then (kp is PB) (ki is NB) (kd is PM)
[0165]9.1f (E is NM) and (EC is NM) then (kp is PM) (ki is NM) (kd is PM)
[0166]10.1f (E is NM) and (EC is NS) then (kp is PS) (ki is NS) (kd is PS)
[0167]11.1f (E is NM) and (EC is Z) then (kp is NS) (ki is NS) (kd is NB)
[0168]12.1f (E is NM) and (EC is PS) then (kp is NM) (ki is PS) (kd is NM)
[0169]13.1f (E is NM) and (EC is PM) then (kp is ZO) (ki is Z0) (kd is NM)
[0170]14.1f (E is NM) and (EC is PB) then (kp is ZO) (ki is ZO) (kd is NS)
[0171]15.1f (E is NS) and (EC is NB) then (kp is PM) (ki is NM) (kd is ZO)
[0172]16.1f (E is NS) and (EC is NM) then (kp is PS) (ki is NS) (kd is PS)
[0173]17.1f (E is NS) and (EC is NS) then (kp is NS) (ki is NS) (kd is NS)
[0174]18.1f (E is NS) and (EC is Z) then (kp is NM) (ki is PS) (kd is NM)
[0175]19.1f (E is NS) and (EC is PS) then (kp is ZO) (ki is ZO) (kd is NS)
[0176]20.1f (E is NS) and (EC is PM) then (kp is NS) (ki is PS) (kd is NS)
[0177]21.1f (E is NS) and (EC is PB) then (kp is NS) (ki is PS) (kd is ZO)
[0178]22.1f (E is ZO) and (EC is NB) then (kp is PS) (ki is NS) (kd is ZO)
[0179]23.1f (E is ZO) and (EC is NM) then (kp is NS) (ki is NS) (kd is NS)
[0180]24.1f (E is ZO) and (EC is NS) then (kp is NM) (ki is NM) (kd is NS)
[0181]25.1f (E is ZO) and (EC is ZO) then (kp is ZO) (ki is ZO) (kd is ZO)
[0182]26.1f (E is ZO) and (EC is PS) then (kp is NS) (ki is NS) (kd is NS)
[0183]27.1f (E is ZO) and (EC is PM) then (kp is PS) (ki is PS) (kd is NS)
[0184]28.1f (E is ZO) and (EC is PB) then (kp is PM) (ki is PM) (kd is ZO)
[0185]29.1f (EisPS) and (ECisNB) then (kp isNM) (kiisNM) (kd is ZO)
[0186]30.1f (EisPS) and (ECisNM) then (kp isPS) (kiisPS) (kd is ZO)
[0187]31.1f (EisPS) and (ECisNS) then (kp isZO) (kiisZO) (kd is NS)
[0188]32.1f (EisPS) and (ECisZO) then (kp isNM) (kiisNM) (kd is ZO)
[0189]33.1f (EisPS) and (ECisPS) then (kp isNS) (kiisNS) (kd is ZO)
[0190]34.1f (EisPS) and (ECisPM) then (kp isPS) (kiisPS) (kd is ZO)
[0191]35.1f (EisPS) and (ECisPB) then (kp isPM) (kiisPM) (kd is ZO)
[0192]36.1f (EisPM) and (ECisNB) then (kp isZO) (kiisZO) (kd is PS)
[0193]37.1f (EisPM) and (ECisNM) then (kp isZO) (kiisZO) (kd is NS)
[0194]38.1f (EisPM) and (ECisNS) then (kp isPS) (kiisPS) (kd is PS)
[0195]39.1f (EisPM) and (ECisZ) then (kp is PM) (ki is PS) (kd is PS)
[0196]40.1f (EisPM) and (ECisPS) then (kp isPM) (kiisPM) (kd is PM)
[0197]41.1f (EisPM) and (ECisPM) then (kp isPM) (kiisPM) (kd is PM)
[0198]42.1f (EisPM) and (ECisPB) then (kp isPB) (kiisPB) (kd is PB)
[0199]43.1f (EisPB) and (ECisNB) then (kp isZO) (kiisZO) (kd is PB)
[0200]44.1f (EisPB) and (ECisNM) then (kp isZO) (kiisZO) (kd is PB)
[0201]45.1f (EisPB) and (ECisNS) then (kp isPM) (kiisPM) (kd is PM)
[0202]46.1f (EisPB) and (ECisZO) then (kp isPM) (kiisPM) (kd is PM)
[0203]47.1f (EisPB) and (ECisPS) then (kp isPM) (kiisPM) (kd is PM)
[0204]48.1f (EisPB) and (ECisPM) then (kp isPB) (kiisPB) (kd is PB)
[0205]49.1f (EisPB) and (ECisPB) then (kp isPB) (kiisPB) (kd is PB)。
【權(quán)利要求】
1.一種離子源數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)自整定系統(tǒng)，其特征在于:包括陽極電流測量模塊、陽極高壓脈沖產(chǎn)生模塊、熱絲電流控制模塊、熱絲電流測量模塊、MCU主控模塊以及上位機； 所述陽極電流測量模塊、陽極高壓脈沖產(chǎn)生模塊、熱絲電流控制模塊、熱絲電流測量模塊分別于MCU主控模塊連接； 所述陽極電流測量模塊由陽極電流測量電路組成，用于測試陽極電流； 所述陽極高壓脈沖產(chǎn)生模塊由高壓電源和陽極開關(guān)電路組成，用以產(chǎn)生離子源電離時所需的高壓脈沖； 所述熱絲電流控制模塊由恒流源控制電路組成，用于產(chǎn)生離子源電離時所需要的熱絲電流； 所述熱絲電流測量模塊由熱絲測量電路組成，用于測量熱絲電流的大??； 所述MCU主控模塊用于接收上位機命令控制離子源電離； 所述上位機由微型機和地面箱體組成，用于發(fā)送命令給MCU主控模塊控制離子源系統(tǒng)進行電離。
2.根據(jù)權(quán)利要求1所述的離子源數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)自整定系統(tǒng)，其特征在于: 所述MCU主控模塊由MCU、ADC電路、DAC電路和串口通訊組成，用于接收上位機命令控制離子源電離；所述MCU包括依次連接的平滑濾波單元、電流比較單元、模糊控制單元和數(shù)字PID控制單元；所述平滑濾波單元的輸入端接陽極電流測量模塊的輸出端，所述數(shù)字PID控制單元的輸出端接熱絲電流控制模塊的輸入端。
3.一種離子源數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)自整定方法，其特征在于:包括以下步驟: 1)上位機設(shè)定陽極電流，發(fā)送電離啟動命令； 2)MCU通過串口通訊接收上位機的命令，陽極高壓脈沖產(chǎn)生模塊產(chǎn)生離子源電離時所需的高壓脈沖，熱絲電流控制模塊產(chǎn)生離子源電離時所需要的熱絲電流； 3)陽極電流測量電路對陽極電流進行采集，然后對采集數(shù)據(jù)進行平滑濾波并與設(shè)定的陽極電流進行比較，根據(jù)陽極電流變化的趨勢和快慢確定數(shù)字PID控制待整定參數(shù)比例因子Kp、積分時間因子K1、微分時間因子Kd, 4)將待整定參數(shù)Kp，Ki,Kd送入PID調(diào)節(jié)器，根據(jù)計算結(jié)果控制熱絲電流的增減來達到離子源控制系統(tǒng)的平衡。
4.根據(jù)權(quán)利要求3所述的離子源數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)自整定方法，其特征在于: 所述步驟3)中待整定參數(shù)Kp，Ki, Kd通過以下方式確定: 3.1)生成49條模糊規(guī)則:
1.1f (Ε is NB)and(EC is NB)then(kp is PB) (ki is NB)(kd is PM)
2.1f (E is NB)and(EC is NM)then(kp is PB) (ki is NB)(kd is PM)
3.1f (E is NB)and(EC is NS)then(kp is PM)(ki is NM) (kd is PS)
4.1f (E is NB)and(EC is Z)then (kp is PM)(ki is NS)(kd is NB)
5.1f (E is NB)and(EC is PS)then (kp is PS) (ki is PS) (kd is NM)
6.1f (E is NB)and(EC is PM)then(kp is ZO) (ki is Z0)(kd is NS)
7.1f (E is NB)and(EC is PB)then(kp is Z0) (ki is Z0)(kd is NS)
8.1f (E is NM)and(EC is NB)then(kp is PB) (ki is NB)(kd is PM)
9.1f (E is NM)and(EC is NM)then(kp is PM)(ki is NM)(kd is PM)10.1f (Eis NM)and(EC is NS)then(kpisPS) (kiis NS)(kd is PS)11.1f (Eis NM)and(EC is Z)then (kp is NS)(ki is NS)(kd is NB)12.1f(Eis NM)and(EC is PS)then (kpisNM)(kiis PS)(kd is NM)13.1f (Eis NM)and(EC is PM)then(kpisZO) (kiis Z0)(kd is NM)14.1f (Eis NM)and(EC is PB)then (kpisZ0) (kiis Z0)(kd is NS)15.1f (Eis NS)and(EC is NB)then(kpisPM)(kiis NM) (kd is Z0)16.1f (Eis NS)and(EC is NM)then(kpisPS) (kiis NS)(kd is PS)17.1f(Eis NS)and(EC is NS)then(kpisNS)(kiis NS)(kd is NS)18.1f (Eis NS)and(EC is Z)then (kp is NM)(ki is PS)(kd is NM)19.1f (Eis NS)and(EC is PS)then (kpisZ0) (kiis Z0) (kd is NS)20.1f(Eis NS)and(EC is PM)then(kpisNS)(kiis PS)(kd is NS)21.1f (Eis NS)and(EC is PB)then (kpisNS)(kiis PS)(kd is Z0)22.1f (Eis Z0)and (EC is NB)then(kpisPS) (kiis NS)(kd is Z0)23.1f (Eis Z0)and(EC is NM)then(kpisNS)(kiis NS)(kd is NS)24.1f (Eis Z0)and(EC is NS)then(kpisNM)(kiis NM) (kd is NS)25.1f (Eis Z0)and(EC is Z0)then (kpisZ0) (kiis Z0)(kd is Z0)26.1f (Eis Z0)and(EC is PS)then (kpisNS)(kiis NS)(kd is NS)27.1f (Eis Z0)and(EC is PM)then(kpisPS) (kiis PS)(kd is NS)28.1f (Eis Z0)and(EC is PB)then (kpisPM)(kiis PM)(kd is Z0)29.1f(Eis PS)and (EC is NB)then(kpisNM)(kiis NM) (kd is Z0)30.1f (Eis PS)and(EC is NM)then(kpisPS) (kiis PS)(kd is Z0)31.1f (Eis PS)and(EC is NS)then(kpisZ0) (kiis Z0) (kd is NS)32.1f (Eis PS)and(EC is Z0)then (kpisNM)(kiis NM) (kd is Z0)33.1f (Eis PS)and(EC is PS)then (kpisNS)(kiis NS)(kd is Z0)34.1f (Eis PS)and(EC is PM)then(kpisPS) (kiis PS)(kd is Z0)35.1f (Eis PS)and(EC is PB)then (kpisPM)(kiis PM)(kd is Z0)36.1f (Eis PM)and(EC is NB)then(kpisZ0) (kiis Z0) (kd is PS)37.1f(Eis PM)and(EC is NM)then(kpisZ0) (kiis Z0)(kd is NS)38.1f (Eis PM)and(EC is NS)then(kpisPS) (kiis PS)(kd is PS)39.1f (Eis PM)and(EC is Z)then (kp is PM)(ki is PS)(kd is PS)40.1f(Eis PM)and(EC is PS)then(kpisPM)(kiis PM)(kd is PM)41.1f (Eis PM)and(EC is PM)then(kpisPM) (kiis PM)(kd is PM)42.1f (Eis PM)and(EC is PB)then (kpisPB) (kiis PB)(kd is PB)43.1f(Eis PB)and(EC is NB)then(kpisZ0)(kiis Z0)(kd is PB)44.1f (Eis PB)and(EC is NM)then(kpisZ0) (kiis Z0) (kd is PB)45.1f(Eis PB)and(EC is NS)then(kpisPM)(kiis PM)(kd is PM)46.1f (Eis PB)and (EC is Z0)then (kpisPM)(kiis PM)(kd is PM)47.1f (Eis PB)and(EC is PS)then (kpisPM)(kiis PM) (kd is PM)48.1f(Eis PB)and(EC is PM)then(kpisPB)(kiis PB)(kd is PB)
49.1f (E is PB)and (EC is PB)then (kp is PB) (ki is PB)(kd is PB) 其中:PB為極大值，PM為中值，PS為極小值，ZO為零值，NS為負的極小值，匪為負的中值，NB為負的極大值； 3.2)建立控制規(guī)則表 所述Kp控制規(guī)則表為:
{PB, PB, PM, PM, PS, Z0, Z0}，
{PB, PM, PS, NS, NM, Z0, Z0}，
{PM, PS, NS, NM, Z0, NS, NS}，
{PS, NS, NM, Z0, NS, PS, PM}，
{NM, PS, Z0, NM, NS, PS, PM}，
{Z0, Z0, PS, PM, PM, PM, PB}，
{Z0, Z0, PM, PM, PM, PB, PB}； 所述Ki規(guī)則表為:
{NB, NB, NM, NS, PS, Z0, Z0}，
{NB, NM, NS, NS, PS, Z0, Z0}，
{NM, NS, NS, PS, Z0, PS, PS}，
{NS, NS, NM, Z0, NS, PS, PM}，
{NM, PS, Z0, NM, NS, PS, PM}，
{Z0, Z0, PS, PS, PM, PM, PB}，
{Z0, Z0, PM, PM, PM, PB, PB}； 所述Kd規(guī)則表為:
{PM, PM, PS, NB, NM, NS, NS}，
{PM, PM, PS, NB, NM, NM, NS}，
{Z0, PS, NS, NM, NS, NS, Z0}，
{Z0, NS, NS, Z0, NS, NS, Z0}，
{Z0, Z0, NS, Z0, Z0, Z0, Z0}，
{PS, NS, PS, PS, PM, PM, PB}，
{PB, PB, PM, PM, PM, PB, PB}； 3.3)利用重心法進行反模糊處理得出Kp，Ki, Kd值。
5.根據(jù)權(quán)利要求3所述的離子源數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)自整定方法，其特征在于: 所述步驟4)的具體步驟為: 將Kp，Ki，Kd代入公式
DAOut = Ki*Sum(El....En)_Kp*E - Kd*EC ； 計算出來的DAOut通過單片機送到DA達到控制燈絲電流大小。
6.根據(jù)權(quán)利要求3或4或5所述的離子源數(shù)字PID控制參數(shù)自整定方法，其特征在于:還包括將采集到的陽極電流、熱絲電流傳給上位機進行實時顯示的步驟。
【文檔編號】H01J27/02GK104332375SQ201410453377
【公開日】2015年2月4日 申請日期:2014年9月5日 優(yōu)先權(quán)日:2014年9月5日
【發(fā)明者】石文夫, 譚紅建, 張政彬 申請人:西安奧華電子儀器有限責任公司