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氟代醚和氟代烴組合物的制作方法

文檔序號(hào):3720034閱讀:1011來源:國知局
專利名稱:氟代醚和氟代烴組合物的制作方法
技術(shù)領(lǐng)域
本發(fā)明涉及包括至少一種氟代醚和至少一種氟代烴(hydrofluorocarbon)的組合物。這樣的組合物可以用作制冷劑、清潔劑、聚烯烴和聚氨基甲酸乙酯的膨脹劑氣霧劑推進(jìn)劑、熱交換介質(zhì)、氣體電介質(zhì)、滅火劑、動(dòng)力循環(huán)工作流體、聚合介質(zhì)、顆粒除去流體、載流體、磨光磨蝕劑、置換干燥劑以及止繁殖劑氣體的載體。
本發(fā)明包括組合物,該組合物包括氟代醚和氟代烴,其中氟代烴的囟化碳全球變暖能力(halocarbon global warmming potential(HGWP)]由將氟代醚加到氟代烴中所降低。本發(fā)明也包括共沸或類共沸物的氟代醚和氟代烴的組合物。
氟化烴有許多用途,其一是作為制冷劑。這樣的制冷劑包括二氯二氟甲烷(CFC-12)和氯二氟甲烷(HCFC-22)。
近年來人們認(rèn)為某些含氯氟烴(CFC)和氯氟代烴(hydrochlorofluorocarbon)(HCFC)制冷劑釋放到大氣中會(huì)對(duì)臭氧層產(chǎn)生不利的影響。盡管這個(gè)提議尚未得到完全證實(shí),但在國際協(xié)定下正朝著控制使用和生產(chǎn)某些CFC和HCFC的方向發(fā)展。
為解決潛在的臭氧耗褐問題,有人提議用氟代烴制冷劑代替含氯氟烴制冷劑和氯氟代烴制冷劑。由于氟代烴(HFC)制冷劑不含氯,因此它們不消耗臭氧。
另一個(gè)環(huán)境關(guān)心的問題是CFC在“溫室效應(yīng)”中的作用。溫室效應(yīng)是指當(dāng)大氣相對(duì)地可為可見光所透射并可使陽光直達(dá)地球時(shí),大氣通過吸收地球釋放的紅外輻射而捕集到熱量使地球的氣候變暖。
目前尚未有可以將所有相關(guān)的因素都結(jié)合到單一的關(guān)于諸如CFC氣體的發(fā)射物的全球變暖能力的普遍可接受的方法。一個(gè)方法是相對(duì)于已知的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)根據(jù)增強(qiáng)全球變暖的能力來定義化合物的溫室效應(yīng)。一個(gè)這樣的定義被認(rèn)為是囟化碳全球變暖能力(HGWP),這是一個(gè)比率,其為氣體的發(fā)射物在該氣體在大氣中的生存期間所產(chǎn)生的增長的輻射變暖與由相同質(zhì)量的對(duì)照氣體CFC-11釋放的計(jì)算出來的變暖之比。
盡管HFC的臭氧消耗能力為零,但某些HFC有可能是具不合需要的HGWP,并受到政府的控制。因此有必要開發(fā)出具低的臭氧消耗能力而同時(shí)有低HGWP的制冷劑。
優(yōu)選的包括一種以上成分的制冷劑為共沸或類共沸物,這使得制冷劑從制冷設(shè)備中泄漏或排放到大氣中時(shí)其組成不會(huì)發(fā)生改變。制冷劑組成的改變會(huì)影響它的性質(zhì),例如性能或可燃性。
使用組合物也是合乎需要的,所述組合物具低的臭氧消耗能力和/或低HGWP和/或?yàn)楣卜谢蝾惞卜形?可用作清潔劑,生產(chǎn)閉孔聚氨基甲酸乙酯、酚醛泡沫體和熱塑泡沫體中的發(fā)泡劑,氣霧劑中的推進(jìn)劑,熱交換介質(zhì),氣體電介質(zhì),滅火劑,如用于加熱泵的動(dòng)力循環(huán)工作流體,聚合反應(yīng)的惰性介質(zhì),用于從金屬表面除去顆粒的流體,例如可被用來在金屬部件上形成細(xì)的潤滑劑膜的載流體,或從諸如金屬表面去除磨光磨蝕化合物的磨光磨蝕劑,例如用來從寶石或金屬部件中除去水的置換干燥劑,在常規(guī)循環(huán)制造技術(shù)中的抗顯影劑包括氯型顯影劑以及當(dāng)與例如氯代烴像1,1,1-三氯乙烷或三氯乙烯一同使用時(shí)可用作抗光蝕劑的剝離劑。
本發(fā)明涉及包括氟代醚和氟代烴的組合物。本發(fā)明包括式CaFbH a+2-bOc的環(huán)或無環(huán)氟代醚以及式CnFmH2n+2-m的環(huán)或無環(huán)氟代烴的組合物;式中a=2或3并且3≤b≤8和c=1或2以及1≤n≤4和1≤m≤8。這樣的組合物可以用作制冷劑、清潔劑、聚烯烴和聚氨基甲酸乙酯的膨脹劑、氣霧劑推進(jìn)劑、熱交換介質(zhì)、氣體電介質(zhì)、滅火劑、動(dòng)力循環(huán)工作流體、聚合介質(zhì)、顆粒除去流體、載流體、磨光磨蝕劑和置換干燥劑。
本發(fā)明的另一方面涉及將HGWP低于氟代烴的氟代醚加到氟代烴中可降低氟代烴的HGWP這一發(fā)現(xiàn)。因此,本發(fā)明涉及第一成分和第二成分的組合物;所述第一成分包括氟代烴;所述第二成分包括氟代醚,其HGWP小于第一成分的HGWP;這樣組合物的HGWP小于第一成分的HGWP。
本發(fā)明也包括共沸或類共沸物的包括氟代醚和氟代烴的組合物。
本發(fā)明涉及包括氟代醚和氟代烴的組合物。本發(fā)明包括式CaFbH a+2-bOc的環(huán)或無環(huán)氟代醚以及式CnFmH2n+2-m的環(huán)或無環(huán)氟代烴的組合物;式中a=2或3并且3≤b≤8和c=1或2以及1≤n≤4和1≤m≤8。這樣的組合物可以用作制冷劑、清潔劑、聚烯烴和聚氨基甲酸乙酯的膨脹劑、氣霧劑推進(jìn)劑、熱交換介質(zhì)、氣體電介質(zhì)、滅火劑、動(dòng)力循環(huán)工作流體、聚合介質(zhì)、顆粒除去流體、載流體、磨光磨蝕劑和置換干燥劑。
包括在本發(fā)明中的氟代醚有2或3個(gè)碳原子。這樣的氟代醚的例子包括下面的化合物1.六氟二甲基醚(116E,或CF3OCF3,沸點(diǎn)=-59.0℃),2.五氟二甲基醚(125E,或CHF2OCF3,沸點(diǎn)=-36.2℃),3.二(二氟甲基)醚(134E,或CHF2OCHF2,沸點(diǎn)=5℃),4.氟甲基三氟甲基醚(134aE,或CH2FOCF3,沸點(diǎn)=-20.0℃),5.三氟甲基甲基醚(143aE,或CH3OCF3,沸點(diǎn)=-24.2℃),6.全氟氧雜環(huán)丁烷(C-216E,或
沸點(diǎn)=-29.2℃),7.2,2,4,4,5,5-六氟-1,3-二氧戊環(huán)(C-216E2,或C3F6O2,結(jié)構(gòu)為
沸點(diǎn)=-22.1℃)8.全氟甲基乙基醚(218E,或CF3OCF2CF3,沸點(diǎn)=-23.3℃),9.全氟二甲氧基甲烷(218E2,或CF3OCF2OCF3,沸點(diǎn)=-10.2℃),10.2,2,3,4,4-五氟氧雜環(huán)丁烷(C-225eEαβ,或C3HF5O,結(jié)構(gòu)為
沸點(diǎn)=3.4℃),11.1-三氟甲氧基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷(227caEαβ,或CF3OCF2CHF2,沸點(diǎn)=約-3℃),12.二氟甲氧基五氟乙烷(227caEβγ,或CHF2OCF2CF3,沸點(diǎn)=-8.0℃),13.1-三氟甲氧基-1,2,2,2-四氟乙烷(227eaE,或CF3OCHFCF3,沸點(diǎn)=-9.4℃),
14.2,2,4,4-四氟氧雜環(huán)丁烷(C-234f Eαβ,或C3H2F4O,結(jié)構(gòu)為
沸點(diǎn)=21.2℃),15.2,2,3,3-四氟氧雜環(huán)丁烷(C-234fEβγ,或C3H2F4O,結(jié)構(gòu)為
沸點(diǎn)=28℃),16.1-二氟甲氧基-1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷(236caE,或CHF2OCF2CHF2,沸點(diǎn)=28.5℃),17.1-二氟甲氧基-1,2,2,2-四氟乙烷(236eaEβγ,或CHF2OCHFCF3,沸點(diǎn)=23.2℃),18.1-三氟甲氧基-2,2,2-三氟乙烷(236faE,或CF3OCH2CF3,沸點(diǎn)=5.6℃),19.1-二氟甲氧基-2,2,2-三氟乙烷(245faEβγ,或CHF2OCH2CF3,沸點(diǎn)=29℃)。
116E(CAS登記號(hào)1479-49-8)已按Simons在美國專利2519983中公開的方法由二甲醚的電化氟化來制備。
125E(CAS登記號(hào)3822-68-2)已按Fox等人在美國專利3511760和Hutchinson在美國專利3887439中公開的方法由二甲醚(CH3OCH3)的電化氟化制得。
134E(CAS登記號(hào)1691-17-4)可按O′Neill在英車專利2248617中公開的方法通過三氟化銻與CHF2OCHCl2反應(yīng)來制備。
134aE(CAS登記號(hào)2261-01-0)已按Berenblit等人在Zh.Org.Khim.12卷,676-770頁(1976)中報(bào)道的方法由2-甲氧基丙酸甲酯的電化氟化制得。
143aE(CAS登記號(hào)421-14-7)已按Aldrick和Sheppard在J.Am.Chem.Soc.,29卷,11-15頁(1964)中報(bào)道的方法通過氟甲酸甲酯與四氟化硫反應(yīng)制得。
C-216E(CAS登記號(hào)425-82-1)可按Kauck和Simons在美國專利2594272中公開的方法由氧雜環(huán)丁烷在無水氟化氫中的電化氟化制得。
C-216E2(CAS登記號(hào)21297-65-4)已按Throckmorton在J.Org.Chem.,第34卷,3838-3440頁(1969)中報(bào)道的方法通過在汽相或液相中用UV照射全氟-b-氧雜-戊內(nèi)酯制得。該內(nèi)酯由KF與全氟氧聯(lián)二乙酰氯(Perfluorooxydiacetyl chloride)反應(yīng)制得。
218E(CAS登記號(hào)665-16-7)已按Sekiya和Ueda在Chemistry Letters,第609-612頁(1990)中報(bào)道的方法由CF OCH CF(由CF OF與1,1-二氟乙烯反應(yīng)制得)的直接氟化制得。
218E2(CAS登記號(hào)53772-78-4)已按Berenblit等人在Zh.Org.Klim.,12卷,767-770頁(1976)中報(bào)道的方法由2-甲氧基丙酸甲酯的電化氟化制得。
C-225eEαβ(CAS登記號(hào)144109-03-5)可用Lagow和Margrave在Progress in Inorganic Chemistry,26卷,161-210頁(1979)或Adcock和cherry在Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.,26卷,208-215頁(1987)中所述技術(shù)由氧雜環(huán)丁烷(環(huán)-CH2CH2CH2O-)的直接氟化制得。該直接氟化進(jìn)行到氟結(jié)合進(jìn)原料達(dá)到所需的程度,產(chǎn)物通過分餾回收。
227caEαβ(CAS登記號(hào)2356-61-8)已按Eisemann在美國專利3362190中公開的方法通過二氟乙酰氟與氟化銫和碳酰氟反應(yīng)并隨后用四氟化硫處理制得。
227caEβγ(CAS登記號(hào)53997-64-1)已按Okazaki等人在J.Fluorine Chem.,4卷,387-397頁(1974)中報(bào)道的方法由CHCl2OCF2CHClF的電化氟化制得。
227eaE(CAS登記號(hào)2356-62-9)已按Eisemann在美國專利3362190中公開的方法由2-三氟甲氧基-四氟丙酰氟(CF3CF(OCF3)COF)與含水氫氧化鉀于230℃反應(yīng)制得。
C-234fEαβ可以按Lagow和Margrave在Progress in Inorganic Chemistry,26卷,161-210頁(1979)或Adcock和Cherry在Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.,26卷,208-215頁(1987)中所述技術(shù)由氧雜環(huán)丁烷(環(huán)-CH2CH2CH2O-)的直接氟化制得。該直接氟化進(jìn)行到氟結(jié)合進(jìn)原料達(dá)到所需的程度,產(chǎn)物通過分餾回收。
C-234fEβγ(CAS登記號(hào)765-63-9)已由Weinmayr(J.Org.Chem.,28卷,492-494頁(1963))作為TFE與甲醛在HF中反應(yīng)的付產(chǎn)物被制得。
236caE(CAS登記號(hào)32778-11-3)已按Terrell等人在J.Medicnal Chem.,15卷,604-606頁(1972)中報(bào)道的方法通過用無水氟化氫與五氯化銻催化劑氟化CHCl2OCF2CHF2(由CH3OCF2CHF2的再氯化制得)制得。
236eaEβγ(CAS登記號(hào)57041-67-5)已按Halpern和Robin在美國專利4888139中公開的方法制得,該方法為氯化甲氧基乙酰氯得到中間產(chǎn)物-CHCl2OCHCl.COCl,將其分離并與四氟化硫于150℃反應(yīng)得到產(chǎn)物。
236faE(CAS登記號(hào)20193-67-3)已按Eisemann在美國專利3394878中公開的方法制得,所述方法為2,2,2-三氟乙醇與碳酰氟反應(yīng)得到中間體CF3CH2OCOF,該中間體再與四氟化硫于150-200℃反應(yīng)制得產(chǎn)物。
245faEβγ(CAS登記號(hào)1885-48-9)已按Croix在美國專利第3637477中公開的方法通過氯二氟甲烷與三氟乙醇在氫氧化鉀存在下反應(yīng)制得。
可與氟代醚混合的HFC包括一種或多種下列HFC二氟甲烷(HFC-32),氟甲烷(HFC-41),五氟乙烷(HFC-125),1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷(HFC-134),1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷(HFC-134a),1,1,2-三氟乙烷(HFC-143),1,1,1-三氟乙烷(HFC-143a),1,1-二氟乙烷(HFC-152a),氟乙烷(HFC-161),1,1,1,2,2,3,3-七氟丙烷(HFC-227ca),1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷(HFC-227ea),1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟丙烷(HFC-236fa),1,1,2,2,3,3-六氟丙烷(HFC-236ca),1,1,1,2,2,3-六氟丙烷(HFC-236cb),1,1,2,2,3-五氟丙烷(HFC-245ca),1,1,1,2,2-五氟丙烷(HFC-245cb),1,1,2,3,3-五氟丙烷(HFC-245ea),1,1,1,3,3-五氟丙烷(HFC-245fa),1,2,2,3-四氟丙烷(HFC-254ca),1,1,2,2-四氟丙烷(HFC-254cb),1,1,1,2-四氟丙烷(HFC-254cb),1,2,2-三氟丙烷(HFC-263ca),1,1,1-三氟丙烷(HFC-263fb),2,2-二氟丙烷(HFC-272ca),1,2-二氟丙烷(HFC-272ea),1,1-二氟丙烷(HFC-272fb),2-氟丙烷(HFC-281ea),1-氟丙烷(HFC-281fa),1,1,1,3,3,4,4,4-八氟丁烷(HFC-338mf),1,1,1,4,4,4-六氟丁烷(HFC-356mff),或(CF3)2CHCH3,(HFC-356mmz)。
下面的化合物可以用作制冷劑式CaFbH2a+2-bOc的環(huán)或無環(huán)氟代醚和式CnFmH2n+2-m的氟代烴的組合物;式中a=2或3并且3≤b≤8和c=1或2,1≤n≤4并且1≤m≤8。這樣的組合物的例子包括以下組合物
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)mt116E和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)ntHFC-32,HFC-41,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)125E和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)134E和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,HFC-281fa,HFC-338mf或356mff.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)134aE和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)143aE和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)C216E,和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)C-216E2和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-245cb.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)218E和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)HFC-32,HFC-125,
HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)218E2和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fa,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)C-225eEαβ和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)HFC-143,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea,or HFC-245cb.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)227caEαβ和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)227caEβγ和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)-227eaE和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)tC-234fEαβ和1-99w重量百分?jǐn)?shù)HFC-245cb,HFC-245eb,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz.
1-99w重量百分?jǐn)?shù)C-234fEβγ和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)ntHFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-254ca,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)236caE和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)tHFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)t236eaEβγ和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)tHFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,
HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,HFC-281fa,HFC-338mf,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)t236faE和1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)HFC-32,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,或HFC-281fa.
1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)245faEβγand1-99重量百分?jǐn)?shù)HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236fa,HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-245fa,HFC-254ca,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-263ca,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-272ea,HFC-272fb,HFC-281ea,HFC-281fa,或HFC-356mff.
本發(fā)明也涉及共沸或類共沸物組合物這一發(fā)現(xiàn),該組合物為在特定溫度或壓力下有效量的下列化合物生成的共沸或類共沸物組合物116E和HFC-32,HFC-41,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a或HFC-161;125E和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a或HFC-161;134E和HFC-143,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea,HFC-236fa,HFC-245cb,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-338mf,或HFC-356mff;134aE和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea或HFC-245cb;143aE和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea或HFC-245cb;C216E和HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-245cb;C216E2和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-245cb;218E和HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-263fb;218E2和HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-236fa或HFC-263fb;
C-225eEαβ和HFC-143,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea或HFC-245cb;227caEαβ和HFC-32,HFC-143,HFC-245cb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;227caEβγ和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;227eaE和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;C-234fEαβ和HFC-245cb,HFC-245eb,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz;C-234fEβγ和HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-254ca,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz;236caE和HFC-143,HFC-245ca,或HFC-254ca;236eaEβγ和HFC-143,HFC-245ca,HFC-263ca,HFC-338mf,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz;或236faE和HFC-32,HFC-143,HFC-272ca,HFC-272fb,HFC-281fa;245faEβγ和HFC-356mff.
“共沸”組合物指表現(xiàn)為單一物質(zhì)的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上物質(zhì)的恒沸液體混合物。共沸組合物的特征之一是該液體的部分蒸發(fā)或蒸餾所產(chǎn)生的蒸氣的組成與所蒸發(fā)或蒸餾的液體的組成相同,即該混合物蒸餾/回流不改變組成。恒沸組合物稱為共沸是因?yàn)樗鼈兣c相同成分的非共沸混合物的混點(diǎn)相比較或者表現(xiàn)出最高沸點(diǎn)或者表現(xiàn)出最低沸點(diǎn)。
“類共沸物”組合物指表現(xiàn)為單一物質(zhì)的兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上物質(zhì)的恒沸或基本上恒沸的液體混合物。類共沸物組合物的特征之一是該液體部分蒸發(fā)或蒸餾所產(chǎn)生的蒸氣的組成基本上與所蒸發(fā)或蒸餾的液體的組成相同,即該混合物蒸餾/回收基本不改變組成。
在本領(lǐng)域人們公認(rèn)對(duì)于類共沸物組合物,若50%(重量)組合物,如徑蒸發(fā)或沸騰除去,則原組合物和50%(重量)原組合物已被除去后剩余的組合物間的蒸氣壓差在按絕對(duì)單位測(cè)量時(shí)小于10%。絕對(duì)單位是指壓力的測(cè)量,例如磅/平方英寸,大氣壓、巴、托、達(dá)因/平方厘米、毫米汞柱、水柱英寸數(shù)和其它本領(lǐng)域熟知的相當(dāng)?shù)男g(shù)語。如果是共沸物,則原組合物和50%(重量)原組合物已被除去后剩余的組合物間的蒸氣壓差為零。
因此,本發(fā)明包括含有效量的氟代醚和HFC的組合物,以使原組合物和50%原組合物被蒸發(fā)或沸出以后產(chǎn)生的剩余組合物間的蒸氣壓差為約10%或低于10%。這樣的組合物包括以下例子
5 116E和HFC-32,HFC-41,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a或HFC-161;125E和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a或HFC-161;134E和HFC-143,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea,HFC-236fa,HFC-245cb,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-338mf或HFC-356mff;134aE和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-143,HFC-10 152a,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea或HFC-245cb;143aE和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea或HFC-245cb;C216E和HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-245cb;C-216E2和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-245cb;218E和HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-263fb;218E2和15 HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-236fa或HFC-263fb;C-225eEαβ和HFC-143,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea或HFC-245cb;227caEαβ和HFC-32,HFC-143,HFC-245cb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;227caEβγ和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;227eaE和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,20 HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;C-234fEαβ和-HFC-245cb,HFC-245eb,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz;C-234fEβγ和HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-254ca,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz;236caE和HFC-143,HFC-245ca或HFC-254ca;236eaEβγ和HFC-143,HFC-245ca,HFC-263ca,HFC-338mf,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz;
25 236faE和HFC-32,HFC-143,HFC-272ca,HFC-272fb或HFC-281fa;或245faEβγ和HFC-356mff.
本發(fā)明基本恒沸、共沸或類共沸物組合物包括以下組合物(均于25℃)表130成分 重量范圍 優(yōu)選116E/HFC-32 50.0-88.0/12.0-50.0 50.0-88.0/12.0-50.0116E/HFC-41 5.0-84.0/16.0-95.0 40.0-84.0/16.0-60.0116E/HFC-125 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.035 116E/HFC-134 52.0-99.0/1.0-48.0 70.0-99.0/1.0-30.0116E/HFC-134a 53.0-99.0/1.0-47.0 53.0-99.0/1.0-47.0116E/HFC-143 60.0-99.0/1.0-40.0 60.0-99.0/1.0-40.0116E/HFC-143a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0116E/HFC-152a 60.0-99.0/1.0-40.0 60.0-99.0/1.0-40.040 116E/HFC-161 60.0-99.0/1.0-40.0 60.0-99.0/1.0-40.0125E/HFC-32 25.0-73.0/27.0-75.0 30.0-70.0/30.0-70.0
125E/HFC-134 37.0-99.0/1.0-63.0 70.0-99.0/1.0-30.0125E/HFC-134a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-50.0/50.0-99.0125E/HFC-143 1.0-43.0/57.0-99.0 1.0-30.0/70.0-99.0125E/HFC-152a 1.0-61.0/39.0-99.0 1.0-40.0/60.0-99.0125E/HFC-161 1.0-71.0/29.0-99.0 30.0-50.0/50.0-70.0134E/HFC-143 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-50.0/50.0-99.0134E/HFC-227ca 1.0-51.0/49.0-99.0 1.0-40.0/60.0-99.0134E/HFC-227ea 1.0-49.0/51.0-99.0 1.0-40.0/60.0-99.0134E/HFC-236ca 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0134E/HFC-236cb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-70.0/30.0-99.0134E/HFC-236ea 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-70.0/30.0-70.0134E/HFC-236fa 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-80.0/20.0-99.0134E/HFC-245cb 1.0-62.0/38.0-99.0 1.0-50.0/50.0-99.0134E/HFC-254cb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-70.0/30.0-99.0134E/HFC-254eb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0134E/HFC-338mf 27.0-99.0/1.0-73.0 40.0-80.0/20.0-60.0134E/HFC-356mff 40.0-99.0/1.0-60.0 40.0-99.0/1.0-60.0134aE/HFC-32 1.0-55.0/45.0-99.0 1.0-55.0/45.0-99.0134aE/HFC-134 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-60.0/40.0-80.0134aE/HFC-143 52.0-99.0/1.0-48.0 52.0-99.0/1.0-48.0134aE/HFC-152a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0134aE/HFC-227ca 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0134aE/HFC-227ea 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0134aE/HFC-245cb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0143aE/HFC-32 1.0-54.0/46.0-99.0 1.0-54.0/46.0-99.0143aE/HFC-134 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0143aE/HFC-143a 1.0-53.0/47.0-99.0 1.0-53.0/47.0-99.0143aE/HFC-152a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-80.0/20.0-80.0143aE/HFC-227ca 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-80.0/20.0-99.0143aE/HFC-227ea 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-90.0/10.0-99.0143aE/HFC-245cb 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0 20.0-80.0/20.0-80.0C216E/HFC-134 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 50.0-99.0/1.0-50.0C216E/HFC-134a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-80.0/20.0-80.0C216E/HFC-143 61.0-99.0/1.0-39.0 61.0-99.0/1.0-39.0C216E/HFC-152a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0C216E/HFC-161 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0C216E/HFC-245cb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0
C216E2/HFC-32 1.0-70.0/30.0-99.0 30.0-70.0/30.0-70.0C216E2/HFC-134 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0C216E2/HFC-134a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-80.0/20.0-99.0C216E2/HFC-143 58.0/99.0/1.0-42.0 58.0-99.0/1.0-42.0C216E2/HFC-152a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 40.0-99.0/1.0-60.0C216E2/HFC-161 1.0-84.0/16.0-99.0 20.0-84.0/16.0-80.0C216E2/HFC-245cb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0218E/HFC-134 35.0-99.0/1.0-65.0 50.0-80.0/20.0-50.0218E/HFC-134a 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-80.0/20.0-80.0218E/HFC-143 57.0-99.0/1.0-43.0 57.0-99.0/1.0-43.0218E/HFC-152a 41.0-99.0/1.0-59.0 41.0-99.0/1.0-59.0218E/HFC-161 39.0-84.0/16.0-61.0 39.0-84.0/16.0-61.0218E/HFC-263fb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0218E2/HFC-134 1.0-79.0/21.0-99.0 20.0-70.0/30.0-80.0218E2/HFC-134a 1.0-72.0/28.0-99.0 1.0-60.0/40.0-99.0218E2/HFC-143 52.0-91.0/9.0-48.0 52.0-91.0/9.0-48.0218E2/HFC-152a 1.0-81.0/19.0-99.0 20.0-70.0/30.0-80.0218E2/HFC-161 1.0-77.0/23.0-99.0 20.0-77.0/23.0-80.0218E2/HFC-236fa 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0218E2/HFC-263fb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-90.0/10.0-80.0C225eEαβ/HFC-143 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0C225eEαβ/HFC-236cb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 1.0-80.0/20.0-99.0C225eEαβ/HFC-236ea 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0C225eEαβ/HFC-245cb 1.0-65.0/35.0-99.0 1.0-65.0/35.0-99.0227caEαβ/HFC-32 1.0-61.0/39.0-99.0 1.0-61.0/39.0-99.0227caEαβ/HFC-143 42.0-99.0/1.0-58.0 42.0-95.0/5.0-58.0227caEαβ/HFC-245cb 1.0-82.0/18.0-99.0 1.0-80.0/20.0-99.0227caEαβ/HFC-272ca 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 30.0-99.0/1.0-70.0227caEαβ/HFC-281ea 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 40.0-99.0/1.0-60.0227caEαβ/HFC-281fa 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 40.0-99.0/1.0-60.0227caEβγ/HFC-32 1.0-67.0/33.0-99.0 1.0-67.0/33.0-99.0227caEβγ/HFC-134 1.0-76.0/24.0-99.0 10.0-50.0/50.0-90.0227caEβγ/HFC-134a 1.0-67.0/33.0-99.0 1.0-67.0/33.0-99.0227caEβγ/HFC-143 46.0-91.0/9.0-54.0 46-91.0/9.0-54.0227caEβγ/HFC-152a 1.0-78.0/22.0-99.0 10.0-78.0/22.0-90.0227caEβγ/HFC-161 1.0-72.0/28.0-99.0 10.0-72.0/28.0-90.0227caEβγ/HFC-263fb 1.0-99.0/1.0-99.0 20.0-99.0/1.0-80.0
本發(fā)明的另一方面涉及將HGWP低于氟代烴的氟代醚加到氟代烴中可降低氟代烴的HGWP這一發(fā)現(xiàn)。因此,本發(fā)明涉及第一成分和第二成分的組合物;所述第一成分包括氟代烴;所述第二成分包括氟代醚,其HGWP小于第一成分的HGWP;這樣組合物的HGWP小于第一成分的HGWP。
本發(fā)明也包括共沸或類共沸物的包括氟代醚和氟代烴的組合物。
本發(fā)明涉及包括氟代醚和氟代烴的組合物。本發(fā)明包括式CaFbH a+2-bOc的環(huán)或無環(huán)氟代醚以及式CnFmH2n+2-m的環(huán)或無環(huán)氟代烴的組合物;式中a=2或3并且3≤b≤8和c=1或2以及1≤n≤4和1≤m≤8。這樣的組合物可以用作制冷劑、清潔劑、聚烯烴和聚氨基甲酸乙酯的膨脹劑、氣霧劑推進(jìn)劑、熱交換介質(zhì)、氣體電介質(zhì)、滅火劑、動(dòng)力循環(huán)工作流體、聚合介質(zhì)、顆粒除去流體、載流體、磨光磨蝕劑和置換干燥劑。
包括在本發(fā)明中的氟代醚有2或3個(gè)碳原子。這樣的氟代醚的例子包括下面的化合物1.六氟二甲基醚(116E,或CF3OCF3,沸點(diǎn)=-59.0℃),2.五氟二甲基醚(125E,或CHF2OCF3,沸點(diǎn)=-36.2℃),3.二(二氟甲基)醚(134E,或CHF2OCHF2,沸點(diǎn)=5℃),4.氟甲基三氟甲基醚(134aE,或CH2FOCF3,沸點(diǎn)=-20.0℃),5.三氟甲基甲基醚(143aE,或CH3OCF3,沸點(diǎn)=-24.2℃),6.全氟氧雜環(huán)丁烷(C-216E,或
就本發(fā)明的目的而言,“有效量”被定義為混合后能生成共沸或類共沸物組合物的本發(fā)明組合物中每個(gè)成分的數(shù)量。該定義包括每個(gè)成分的數(shù)量,該數(shù)量可以根據(jù)施加到組合物上的壓力變動(dòng),但需保證在不同的壓力下該共沸或類共沸物組合物繼續(xù)存在。然而組合物可能具有不同的沸點(diǎn)。
因此,有效量包括例如可用重量百分?jǐn)?shù)表示的在與這里所述的溫度或壓力下生成共沸或類共沸物組合物。
就本發(fā)明的目的而言,共沸或恒沸也意指基本上共沸或基本上恒沸。換言之,這些術(shù)語的含義不僅包括上述真正的共沸物,也包括其它按不同的比例含相同的成分并在其它溫度和壓力下是真正的共沸物的組合物以及那些是部分相同共沸體系并且在性質(zhì)上是類共沸物的等效組合物。正如本領(lǐng)域所公認(rèn)的那樣,有一系列組合物,該組合物含與共沸物相同的成分,不僅在制冷和其它應(yīng)用上表現(xiàn)出基本相同的性質(zhì)而且也表現(xiàn)現(xiàn)與根據(jù)恒沸特征或傾向在沸騰時(shí)不分離或不分餾的真正的共沸組合物基本相同的性質(zhì)。
實(shí)際上,可以根據(jù)所選擇的條件用任何下述標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來表示顯露出多種外觀的恒混合物的特性。
*由于正是“共沸物”這個(gè)術(shù)語既確定又具限定性,組合物可以定義為A、B、C(和D…)的共沸物,并且為了這個(gè)恒溫組合物物質(zhì)的唯一組成需要有效量的A、B、C(和D…)。
*本領(lǐng)域技術(shù)人員周知在不同的壓力下,給定共沸物的組成至少會(huì)在某種程度上發(fā)生變化,改變壓力至少在某種程度上也會(huì)改變沸點(diǎn)溫度。因此A、B、C(和D…)的共沸物代表一個(gè)獨(dú)特的關(guān)系型,但它的組成可隨溫度和/或壓力而變化。因此,常用組成范圍而不用固定組成定義共沸物。
*組成可以定義為特定的A、B、C(和D…)的重量下分?jǐn)?shù)關(guān)系或摩爾百分?jǐn)?shù)關(guān)系,盡管公認(rèn)為這樣的特定值指出了唯一一種特定的關(guān)系而且實(shí)際上對(duì)于給定的共沸物來說實(shí)際存在由A、B、C(和D…)所代表隨壓力的影響而變化的一系列這樣的關(guān)系。
*A、B、C(和D…)的共沸物的特性可以通過將組合物定義為以給定壓力下的沸點(diǎn)為特征的共沸物來表示,這樣通過特定數(shù)字組成給出了鑒定特征而對(duì)本發(fā)明范圍無過分限制,該組成受可用分析設(shè)備限制并且是唯一的與可用分析設(shè)備一樣精確。
本發(fā)明共沸或類共沸物組合物可按任何常規(guī)方法來制備,包括將需要量的物質(zhì)混合的方法。優(yōu)選的方法是稱出所需成分的重量,然后在適當(dāng)?shù)娜萜鲀?nèi)將它們混合。
目前尚未有將所有相關(guān)的因素都結(jié)合到單一的由于溫室氣體發(fā)射物所致的全球變暖能力的普遍可接受的方法,定義化合物的溫室效應(yīng)的途徑之一是相對(duì)于已知的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化合物根據(jù)增強(qiáng)全球變暖的能力來定。在本發(fā)明中,一些氟代醚和HFC的囟化碳全球變暖能力(HGWP)由已知的測(cè)定技術(shù)測(cè)得。
HGWP被定義為氣體的發(fā)射物在該氣體在大氣中的生存期間所產(chǎn)生的增長的輻射變暖與相同質(zhì)量的對(duì)照氣體CFC-11釋放的計(jì)算出來的變暖之比,CFC-11的HGWP為1.0。HGWP的計(jì)算由Fisher等人在Nature,344卷,513-516頁(1990),“CFC及其替代物對(duì)全球變暖的相對(duì)影響的模型計(jì)算”一文中作了論述,這里將其全文作為參考。
業(yè)已發(fā)現(xiàn)HFC的HGWP可以通過將HGWP低于HFC的氟代醚加到HFC中而被降低,這樣,HFC和氟代醚的混合物就具低于HFC的HGWP。因此,本發(fā)明涉及第一成分和第二成分的組合物;所述第一成分包括氟代烴;所述第二成分包括氟代醚,其HGWP小于第一成分的HGWP;這樣,組合物的HGWP小于第一成分的HGWP。
本發(fā)明范圍包括單一的氟代醚化合物加到單一的HFC中,也包括單一的氟代醚加到兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上HFC的混合物中,此外,本發(fā)明包括一種或一種以上氟代醚混合物加到單一的HFC中,也包括一種或一種以上氟代醚混合物加到兩種或兩種以上HFC混合物中。
成分A和成分B的組合物的HGWP等于[A的餾分組成]×[A的HGWP]+[B的餾分組成]×[B的HGWP]。兩種以上成分的組合物的HGWP按同樣方法測(cè)定,即通過將成分的餾分組成與其HGWP相乘,然后再將所有成分的部分HGWP加到一起。
說明本發(fā)明的具體實(shí)施例見下述,若無另外說明,本文所有百分?jǐn)?shù)為重量百分?jǐn)?shù)。應(yīng)該明確的是這些實(shí)施例僅說明本發(fā)明而決不應(yīng)看作是對(duì)本發(fā)明范圍的限制。實(shí)施例中給出的所有數(shù)值均為+/-5%。
實(shí)施例1相研究對(duì)下列組合物的相研究表明下列組合物是共沸的,在該研究中于恒定溫度25℃改變組成并測(cè)定蒸氣壓。
表2蒸氣壓氟代醚重量百分?jǐn)?shù) HFC重量百分?jǐn)?shù) 磅/平方英寸(KPa)75.2wt.%116E 24.8wt.%HFC-32 490.5(3382)58.6wt.%116E 41.4wt.%HFC-41 575.6(3969)86.0wt.%116E 14.0wt.%HFC-125 295.6(2038)90.2wt.%116E 9.8wt.%HFC-134 302.7(2087)90.0wt.%116E 10.0wt.%HFC-134a 299.5(2065)94.9wt.%116E 5.1wt.%HFC-143 305.9(2109)94.8wt.%116E 5.2wt.%HFC-143a 293.1(2021)92.1wt.%116E 7.9wt.%HFC-152a 305.4(2106)87.3wt.%116E 12.7wt.%HFC-161 344.3(2374)
86.5wt.%125E 13.5wt.%HFC-134 130.7(901)92.0wt%125E 8.0wt%HFC-143 132.0(910)84.4wt%125E 15.6wt%HFC-152a 134.1(925)66.5wt%125E 33.5wt%HFC-161 171.1(1179)37.9wt%134E 62.1wt%HFC-143 34.0(235)13.6wt%134E 86.4wt%HFC-227ca 65.9(454)7.3wt%134E 92.7wt.%HFC-227ea 67.2(463)78.0wt%134E 22.0wt%HFC-236ca 63.8(440)36.3wt%134E 63.7wt%HFC-236cb 36.3(250)52.8wt%134E 47.2wt%HFC-236ea 33.3(229)14.2wt.%134E 85.8wt.%HFC-236fa 39.8(274)28.5wt%134E 71.5wt%HFC-245cb 80.0(551)29.7wt%134E 70.3wt%HFC-254cb 34.9(241)28.6wt.%134E 71.4wt.%HFC-254eb 35.5(245)97.1wt.%134E 2.9wt.%HFC-356mff 30.4(210)65.5wt%134E 34.5wt%HFC-338mf 33.2(229)11.5wt.%134aE 88.5wt.%HFC-32 249.2(1718)42.6wt.%134aE 57.4wt.%HFC-134 78.3(540)98.1wt.%134aE 1.9wt.%HFC-143 73.9(510)19.1wt.%134aE 80.9wt.%HFC-152a 86.0(593)65.5wt%134aE 34.5wt%HFC-227ca 76.3(526)65.4wt.%134aE 34.6wt.%HFC-227ea 75.4(520)57.7wt.%134aE 42.3wt.%HFC-245cb 91.7(632)6.2wt.%143aE 93.8wt.%HFC-32 247.4(1706)92.4wt.%143aE 7.6wt.%HFC-134 127.6(880)8.7wt.%143aE 91.3wt.%HFC-143a 182.2(1256)48.6wt.%143aE 51.4wt.%HFC-152a 87.3(602)71.5wt%143aE 28.5wt%HFC-227ca 85.9(592)75.6wt.%143aE 24.4wt.%HFC-227ea 84.8(585)59.6wt.%143aE 40.4wt.%HFC-245cb 102.8(709)79.8wt.%C216E 20.2wt.%HFC-134 104.4(720)61.7wt.%C216E 38.3wt.%HFC-134a 108.0(744)91.9wt.%C216E 8.1wt.%HFC-143 103.5(714)77.6wt.%C216E 22.4wt.%HFC-152a 109.1(752)58.8wt.%C216E 41.2wt.%HFC-161 148.3(1022)95.1wt.%C216E 4.9wt.%HFC-245cb 100.6(693)36.0wt.%C216E2 64.0wt.%HFC-32 272.4(1878)60.5wt.%C216E2 39.5wt.%HFC-134 88.6(611)20.6wt.%C216E2 79.4wt.%HFC-134a 99.0(683)87.1wt.%C216E2 12.9wt.%HFC-143 82.9(572)60.5wt.%C216E2 39.5wt.%HFC-152a 95.6(659)45.7wt.%C216E2 54.3wt.%HFC-161 138.3(954)
74.7wt.%C216E2 25.3wt.%HFC-245cb 81.3(561)63.3wt.%218E 36.7wt.%HFC-134 116.6(804)53.0wt.%218E 47.0wt.%HFC-134a 122.3(843)85.3wt.%218E 14.7wt.%HFC-143 103.7(715)68.2wt.%218E 31.8wt.%HFC-152a 124.0(855)62.6wt.%218E 37.4wt.%HFC-161 170.9(1178)96.3wt.%218E 3.7wt.%HFC-263fb 84.0(579)46.1wt.%218E2 53.0wt.%HFC-134 89.6(617)24.7wt.%218E2 75.3wt.%HFC-134a 101.1(697)78.3wt.%218E2 21.7wt.%HFC-143 72.6(501)51.0wt.%218E2 49.0wt.%HFC-152a 98.1(676)46.4wt.%218E2 53.6wt.%HFC-161 145.1(1000)89.8wt.%218E2 10.2wt.%HFC-236fa 52.6(363)60.5wt.%218E2 39.5wt.%HFC-263fb 57.9(399)55.9wt.%C225eEαβ 44.1wt.%HFC-143 38.0(2626)16.7wt.%C225eEαβ 83.3wt.%HFC-236cb 33.7(232)91.5wt.%C225eEαβ 8.5wt.%HFC-236ea 31.1(214)22.4wt.%C225eEαβ 77.6wt.%HFC-245cb 70.1(483)17.9wt.%227caEαβ 82.1wt.%HFC-32 253.4(1747)70.9wt.%227caEαβ 29.1wt.%HFC-143 53.7(370)8.1wt.%227caEαβ 91.9wt.%HFC-245cb 67.4(465)94.3wt.%227caEαβ 5.7wt.%HFC-272ca 41.5(286)31.5wt.%227caEαβ 68.5wt.%HFC-281ea 47.3(326)84.3wt.%227caEαβ 15.7wt.%HFC-281fa 42.5(293)28.4wt.%227caEβγ 71.6wt.%HFC-32 269.7(1859)34.8wt.%227caEβγ 65.2wt.%HFC-134 82.7(570)1.9wt.%227caEβγ 98.1wt.%HFC-134a 98.3(678)73.8wt.%227caEβγ 26.2wt.%HFC-143 66.2(456)38.3wt.%227caEβγ 61.7wt.%HFC-152a 91.4(630)34.4wt.%227caEβγ 65.6wt.%HFC-161 137.5(948)32.9wt.%227caEβγ 67.1wt.%HFC-263fb 54.6(376)89.0wt.%227caEβγ 11.0wt.%HFC-272ca 49.6(342)73.1wt.%227caEβγ 26.9wt.%HFC-281ea 54.0(372)85.9wt.%227caEβγ 14.1wt.%HFC-281fa 51.1(352)30.0wt.%227eaE 70.0wt.%HFC-32 272.2(1877)38.2wt.%227eaE 61.8wt.%HFC-134 84.7(584)9.3wt.%227eaE 90.7wt.%HFC-134a 98.6(680)74.9wt.%227eaE 25.1wt.%HFC-143 68.9(475)42.1wt.%227eaE 57.9wt.%HFC-152a 93.3(643)37.5wt.%227eaE 62.5wt.%HFC-161 139.5(962)49.3wt.%227eaE 50.7wt.%HFC-263fb 55.7(384)90.7wt.%227eaE 9.3wt.%HFC-272ca 52.1(359)
76.8wt.%227eaE 23.2wt.%HFC-281ea 56.0(386)87.6wt.%227eaE 12.4wt.%HFC-281fa 53.4(368)13.5wt.%C-234fEαβ 86.5wt.%HFC-245cb 69.9(482)49.1wt.%C-234fEαβ 50.9wt.%HFC-245eb 17.6(121)59.0wt.%C-234fEαβ 41.0wt.%HFC-356mff 18.8(130)50.1wt.%C-234fEαβ 49.9wt.%HFC-356mmz 20.1(139)33.6wt.%C-234fEβγ 66.4wt.%HFC-245ca 14.5(100)10.2wt.%C-234fEβγ 89.8wt.%HFC-245cb 69.1(476)36.0wt.%C-234fEβγ 64.0wt.%HFC-245ea 14.5(100)36.0wt.%C-234fEβγ 64.0wt.%HFC-254ca 13.8(95)43.1wt.%C-234fEβγ 56.9wt.%HFC-356mff 17.1(118)35.8wt.%C-234fEβγ 64.2wt.%HFC-356mmz 18.6(128)12.0wt.%236caE 88.0wt.%HFC-143 33.4(230)17.6wt.%236caE 82.4wt.%HFC-254ca 13.8(95)25.9wt.%236eaEβγ 74.1wt.%HFC-143 34.7(239)69.1wt.%236eaEβγ 30.9wt.%HFC-245ca 16.1(111)4.1wt.%236eaEβγ 95.9wt.%HFC-263ca 18.3(126)92.6wt.%236eaEβγ 7.49wt.%HFC-338mf 18.9(130)96.9wt.%236eaEβγ 3.1wt.%HFC-356mff 15.7(108)15.1wt.%236eaEβγ 84.9wt.%HFC-356mmz 16.7(115)8.5wt.%236faE 91.5wt.%HFC-32 248.6(1714)56.9wt.%236faE 43.1wt.%HFC-143 45.1(311)27.8wt.%236faE 72.2wt.%HFC-272ca 34.8(240)82.3wt.%236faE 17.7wt.%HFC-272fb 30.2(208)9.3wt.%236faE 90.7wt.%HFC-281fa 37.7(260)4.4wt.%245faEβγ 95.6wt.%HFC-356mff 14.9(103)
實(shí)施例225℃時(shí)蒸氣泄漏對(duì)蒸氣壓的影響將起始組合物于25℃裝入容器中并測(cè)量該組合物的蒸氣壓。將溫度維持恒定在25℃時(shí)使組合物從容器中泄漏出直至50%(重量)起始組合物被除去,這時(shí)測(cè)量殘留在容器中的組合物的蒸氣壓,結(jié)果總結(jié)如下。
表30%(重量)蒸發(fā)磅 50%(重量)蒸發(fā)磅制冷劑組成 /平方英寸(KPa) /平方英寸(KPa) 蒸氣壓變化百分?jǐn)?shù)116E/HFC-3275.2/24.8 490.6(3385) 490.6(3385) 0.089/11 484.3(3341) 434.4(2297) 10.388/12 485.8(3352) 451.4(3114) 7.170/30 490.4(3383) 490.0(3381) 0.660/40 489.6(3378) 488.0(3367) 0.350/50 488.8(3372) 486.1(3354) 0.680/20 490.2(3382) 489.1(3374) 0.2116E/HFC-4158.6/41.4 575.6(3971) 575.6(3971) 0.070/30 572.4(3949) 566.7(3910) 1.085/15 540.4(3728) 483.1(3333) 10.684/16 544.9(3759) 493.7(3406) 9.340/60 571.3(3942) 558.5(3853) 2.230/70 565.7(3903) 515.9(3559) 8.828/72 564.1(3892) 505.8(3490) 10.329/71 564.9(3897) 510.7(3523) 9.65/95 512.9(3539) 477.9(3297) 6.6116E/HFC-12586.0/14.0 295.6(2039) 295.6(2039) 0.099/1 292.7(2019) 292.6(2018) 0.070/30 292.2(2016) 291.1(2008) 0.460/40 297.3(2051) 284.0(1959) 4.550/50 280.6(1936) 273.9(1889) 2.440/60 272.0(1876) 260.5(1797) 4.430/70 261.0(1800) 244.0(1683) 6.5
5 10/90 227.3(1568) 209.5(1445) 7.21/99 202.5(1397) 199.8(1378) 1.3116E/HFC-13499.0/1.0 294.8(2033) 294.0(2027) 0.310 90.2/9.8 302.7(2087) 302.7(2087) 0.070.0/30.0 293.5(2024) 285.2(1967) 2.852.0/48.0 283.9(1957) 258.0(1779) 9.1116E/HFC-134a15 90.0/10.0 299.5(2066) 299.5(2066) 0.099/1 293.8(2027) 293.5(2025) 0.052/48 276.8(1909) 248.6(1715) 10.253/47 277.5(1914) 251.8(1737) 9.360/40 282.6(1949) 267.0(1842) 5.520 70/30 289.7(1998) 281.6(1943) 2.880/20 296.2(2043) 293.7(2026) 0.8116E/HFC-14394.9/5.1 305.9(2110) 305.9(2110) 0.025 99/1 300.2(2071) 295.6(2039) 1.580/20 299.2(2064) 295.9(2041) 1.170/30 293.5(2025) 285.2(1967) 2.865/35 290.6(2005) 280.2(1933) 3.561/39 300.6(2074) 298.3(2058) 0.830 60/40 300.6(2074) 283.6(1956) 5.6116E/HFC-143a94.8/5.2 293.1(2022) 293.1(2022) 0.070/30 281.6(1943) 277.4(1914) 1.535 60/40 273.6(1887) 265.0(1828) 3.150/50 264.3(1823) 250.0(1725) 5.440/60 253.7(1750) 232.3(1602) 8.410/90 206.8(1426) 186.0(1283) 10.11/99 183.6(1266) 180.9(1248) 1.540 99/1 292.5(2018) 292.5(2018) 0.0116E/HFC-152a92.1/7.9 305.5(2108) 305.5(2108) 0.099/1 296.4(2045) 295.1(2036) 0.445 70/30 292.3(2016) 280.4(1934) 4.160/40 286.6(1977) 259.3(1789) 9.5116E/HFC-16187.3/12.7 344.4(2376) 244.4(2376) 0.050 99/1 307.4(2121) 297.5(2052) 3.270/30 337.9(2331) 330.2(2278) 2.3
5 60/40 334.1(2305) 308.4(2128) 7.795/5 335.6(2315) 324.8(2241) 3.2125E/HFC-321.0/99.0 246.2(1697) 245.9(1695) 0.110 10.0/90.0 241.2(1663) 238.8(1646) 1.020.0/80.0 235.0(1620) 230.0(1586) 2.130.0/70.0 227.8(1571) 220.1(1518) 3.440.0/60.0 219.4(1513) 209.3(1443) 4.650.0/50.0 209.5(1444) 197.4(1361) 5.815 60.0/40.0 197.9(1364) 184.7(1273) 6.770.0/30.0 184.4(1271) 171.2(1180) 7.280.0/20.0 168.5(1162) 157.2(1084) 6.790.0/10.0 149.9(1034) 142.8(985) 4.799.0/1.0 130.8(902) 129.9(896) 0.720125E/HFC-13437.0/63.0 116.3(802) 105.1(725) 9.625 70.0/30.0 128.6(887) 127.6(880) 0.886.5/13.5 130.7(901) 130.7(901) 0.099.0/1.0 128.9(889) 128.8(888) 0.1125E/HFC-134a30 1.0/99.0 98.5(679) 98.5(679) 0.010.0/90.0 100.9(696) 100.4(692) 0.520.0/80.0 103.5(714) 102.6(707) 0.930.0/70.0 106.2(732) 105.0(724) 1.140.0/60.0 108.9(751) 107.6(742) 1.235 50.0/50.0 111.8(771) 110.4(761) 1.360.0/40.0 114.8(792) 113.4(782) 1.270.0/30.0 117.9(813) 116.7(805) 1.080.0/20.0 121.3(836) 120.3(829) 0.890.0/10.0 124.8(860) 124.2(856) 0.540 99.0/1.0 128.1(883) 128.1(883) 0.0125E/HFC-14357.0/43.0 123.5(852) 112.1(773) 9.260.0/40.0 124.2(856) 115.9(799) 6.745 70.0/30.0 126.9(875) 122.4(844) 3.692.0/8.0 132.0(910) 132.0(190) 0.099.0/1.0 129.5(893) 129.3(892) 0.2
5 125E/HFC-152a39.0/61.0 120.3(829) 108.6(747) 9.750.0/50.0 125.3(864) 118.5(817) 5.460.0/40.0 129.0(889) 125.6(866) 2.784.4/15.6 134.1(925) 134.1(925) 0.010 99.0/1.0 129.4(892) 129.2(891) 0.2125E/HFC-16129.0/71.0 161.6(1114) 145.8(1006) 9.850.0/50.0 169.0(1165) 166.3(1146) 1.615 66.5/33.5 171.1(1179) 171.1(1179) 0.070.0/30.0 170.9(1179) 170.8(1177) 0.199.0/1.0 133.2(919) 130.5(900) 2.1134E/HFC-14320 1.0/99.0 33.1(228) 33.1(228) 0.037.9/62.1 34.0(235) 34.0(235) 0.050.0/50.0 33.9(234) 33.9(234) 0.070.0/30.0 33.2(229) 33.1(228) 0.499.0/1.0 30.6(211) 30.5(210) 0.125134E/HFC-227ca1.0/99.0 64.2(443) 64.1(442) 0.113.6/86.4 65.9(454) 65.9(454) 0.030.0/70.0 64.6(445) 63.5(438) 1.630 40.0/60.0 63.0(434) 60.4(416) 4.151.0/49.0 60.9(420) 55.0(379) 9.6134E/HFC-227ea7.3/92.7 67.2(463) 67.2(463) 0.035 1.0/99.0 66.8(461) 66.8(461) 0.040.0/60.0 62.6(432) 59.3(409) 5.350.0/50.0 60.3(416) 54.0(372) 10.449.0/51.0 60.6(418) 54.6(376) 9.940 134E/HFC-236ca78.0/22.0 29.5(203) 29.5(203) 0.090/10 29.4(202) 29.4(202) 0.099/1 29.2(201) 29.2(201) 0.070/30 29.4(202) 29.4(202) 0.045 60/40 29.3(202) 29.2(201) 0.350/50 29.0(200) 29.0(200) 0.030/70 28.0(193) 27.7(191) 1.110/90 26.2(180) 26.0(179) 0.81/99 25.1(173) 25.0(172) 0.450
5 134E/HFC-236cb1.0/99.0 33.8(233) 33.8(233) 0.036.3/63.7 36.3(250) 36.3(250) 0.040.0/60.0 36.3(250) 36.3(250) 0.070.0/30.0 34.8(240) 34.3(236) 1.610 99.0/1.0 30.6(211) 30.5(210) 0.3134E/HFC-236ea1.0/99.0 28.9(199) 28.9(199) 0.030.0/70.0 32.6(225) 32.4(223) 0.715 52.8/47.2 33.3(229) 33.3(229) 0.070.0/30.0 32.9(227) 32.8(226) 0.399.0/1.0 30.6(211) 30.5(210) 0.3134E/HFC-236fa20 14.2/85.8 39.8(274) 39.8(274) 0.01.0/99.0 39.4(272) 39.4(272) 0.040.0/60.0 38.8(268) 38.6(266) 0.560.0/40.0 37.1(256) 36.3(250) 2.280.0/20.0 34.4(237) 33.3(230) 3.225 99.0/1.0 30.7(212) 30.5(210) 0.7134E/HFC-245cb1.0/99.0 69.0(476) 67.8(467) 1.728.5/71.5 80.0(551) 80.0(551) 0.030 40.0/60.0 79.6(549) 79.0(545) 0.750.0/50.0 78.9(544) 77.4(534) 1.962.0/38.0 77.9(537) 71.4(492) 8.4134E/HFC-254cb35 1.0/99.0 34.2(236) 34.2(236) 0.029.7/70.3 34.9(241) 34.9(241) 0.040.0/60.0 34.8(240) 34.8(240) 0.070.0/30.0 33.6(232) 33.4(230) 0.799.0/1.0 30.6(211) 30.5(210) 0.140134E/HFC-254eb28.6/71.4 35.5(245) 35.5(245) 0.015.0/85.0 35.3(243) 35.3(243) 0.01.0/99.0 34.8(240) 34.8(240) 0.045 60.0/40.0 34.7(239) 34.5(238) 0.680.0/20.0 33.1(228) 32.7(225) 1.299.0/1.0 30.6(211) 30.5(210) 0.3134E/HFC-338mf50 27.0/73.0 30.5(210) 27.6(190) 9.440.0/60.0 32.2(222) 31.1(214) 3.4
5 65.5/34.5 33.2(229) 33.2(229) 0.080.0/20.0 32.9(227) 32.6(225) 0.899.0/1.0 30.6(211) 30.5(210) 0.4134E/HFC-356mff10 97.1/2.9 30.4(210) 30.4(210) 0.099.0/1.0 30.4(210) 30.4(210) 0.060.0/40.0 28.7(198) 27.8(192) 3.140.0/60.0 26.4(182) 23.9(165) 9.539.0/61.0 26.3(181) 23.6(163) 10.315134aE/HFC-3211.5/88.5 249.1(1718) 249.1(1718) 0.01/99 247.2(1705) 247.1(1705) 0.020/80 248.3(1713) 247.7(1709) 0.220 30/70 245.8(1695) 243.0(1676) 1.156/44 231.1(1594) 207.6(1432) 10.255/45 232.0(1600) 210.0(1449) 9.540/60 241.9(1669) 234.5(1618) 3.025 134aE/HFC-13499.0/1.0 74.0(510) 74.0(510) 060.0/40.0 77.9(537) 77.9(537) 042.6/57.4 78.3(540) 78.3(540) 020.0/80.0 77.7(536) 77.7(536) 030 1.0/99.0 76.2(525) 76.2(525) 0134aE/HFC-14399.0/1.0 73.8(509) 73.8(509) 098.1/1.9 73.9(510) 73.9(510) 035 52.0/48.0 65.0(448) 58.7(405) 9.7134aE/HFC-152a19.1/80.9 86.1(594) 86.1(594) 0.010/90 86.0(593) 86.0(593) 0.040 1/99 85.8(592) 85.8(592) 0.030/70 86.0(593) 86.0(593) 0.050/50 85.0(586) 84.9(585) 0.170/30 82.7(570) 82.2(567) 0.680/20 80.7(556) 80.0(552) 0.945 99/1 74.3(512) 74.2(512) 0.1134aE/HFC-227ca65.5/34.5 76.2(525) 76.2(525) 0.080/20 75.8(523) 75.8(523) 0.050 90/10 75.0(517) 74.9(516) 0.199/1 74.0(510) 73.9(510) 0.1
5 50/50 75.7(522) 75.6(521) 0.140/60 74.8(516) 74.4(513) 0.530/70 73.4(506) 72.7(501) 1.020/90 71.2(491) 70.2(484) 1.41/99 64.2(443) 64.1(442) 0.310134aE/HFC-227ea65.4/34.6 75.5(521) 75.5(521) 0.080/20 75.2(518) 75.1(518) 0.190/10 74.6(514) 74.6(514) 0.015 99/1 73.9(509) 73.9(509) 0.050/50 75.1(518) 75.0(517) 0.130/70 73.4(506) 73.0(503) 0.510/90 69.6(480) 69.2(477) 0.61/99 67.0(462) 67.0(462) 0.020134aE/HFC-245cb57.7/42.3 91.6(632) 91.6(632) 0.070/30 90.9(627) 90.1(621) 0.980/20 89.0(614) 85.9(592) 3.525 92/8 83.3(574) 77.4(534) 7.199/1 75.5(521) 74.1(511) 1.830/70 87.6(604) 84.3(581) 3.820/80 83.4(575) 78.4(541) 610.90 76.9(530) 72.3(498) 630 1/99 67.7(467) 67.8(467) 0.1143aE/HFC-326.2/98.8 247.4(1707) 247.4(1707) 0.01/99 246.9(1703) 246.9(1703) 0.035 20/80 245.1(1691) 243.9(1682) 0.530/70 241.4(1665) 237.3(1637) 1.740/60 236.1(1629) 226.9(1565) 3.950/50 228.8(1578) 210.9(1455) 7.855/45 224(1545) 200.1(1380) 10.640 54/46 225(1552) 202(1393) 10.0143aE/HFC-13499.0/1.0 127.5(879) 127.5(879) 092.4/7.6 127.6(880) 127.6(880) 045 30.0/70.0 123.4(851) 123.1(849) 0.21.0/99.0 118.3(815) 118.2(815) 0143aE/HFC-143a8.7/91.3 182.1(1256) 182.1(1256) 0.050 1/99 181.0(1248) 181.0(1248) 0.020/80 180.5(1245) 179.7(1239) 0.4
5 40/50 172.4(1189) 165.0(1138) 4.355/45 161.8(1116) 144.7(998) 10.654/46 162.7(1122) 146.3(1009) 10.153/47 163.5(1128) 147.9(1020) 9.510 143aE/HFC-152a48.6/51.4 87.4(603) 87.4(603) 0.040/60 87.3(602) 87.3(602) 0.030/70 87.2(601) 87.1(601) 0.110/90 86.3(595) 86.3(595) 0.015 1/99 85.8(592) 85.8(592) 0.060/40 87.2(601) 87.2(601) 0.070/30 86.9(599) 86.8(598) 0.190/10 85.2(587) 85.2(587) 0.099/1 84.0(579) 84.0(579) 0.020143aE/HFC-227ca71.5/28.5 85.9(592) 85.9(592) 0.080/20 85.7(591) 85.7(591) 0.099/1 84.0(579) 84.0(579) 0.025 60/40 85.6(590) 85.4(589) 0.240/60 83.2(574) 82.1(566) 1.330/70 80.8(557) 78.9(544) 2.320/80 77.2(532) 74.5(514) 3.51/99 64.7(446) 64.3(443) 0.630143aE/HFC-227ea75.6/24.4 84.9(585) 84.9(585) 0.090/10 84.5(583) 84.5(583) 0.099/1 83.9(578) 83.9(578) 0.035 70/30 84.8(585) 84.8(585) 0.060/40 84.4(582) 84.3(581) 0.150/50 83.6(576) 83.2(574) 0.530/70 80.1(552) 78.9(544) 1.510/90 72.8(502) 71.3(492) 2.140 1/99 67.3(464) 67.1(463) 0.3143aE/HFC-245cb59.6/40.4 102.8(709) 102.8(709) 0.070/30 102.2(705) 101.5(700) 0.745 80/20 100.5(693) 96.9(668) 3.699/1 85.8(592) 84.0(579) 2.140/60 100.7(694) 98.2(677) 2.530/70 97.4(672) 91.6(632) 6.020/80 91.8(633) 82.7(570) 9.950 19/81 91.0(627) 81.7(563) 10.2
5 C-216E/HFC-1341.0/99.0 76.9(530) 76.3(526) 0.850.0/50.0 100.1(690) 98.0(676) 2.179.8/20.2 104.4(720) 104.4(720) 099.0/1.0 100.8(695) 100.7(694) 0.110C216E/HFC-134a61.7/38.3 108.0(745) 108.0(745) 0.080/20 106.6(735) 106.4(734) 0.290/10 104.4(720) 105.0(724) 0.615 99/1 100.8(695) 100.7(694) 0.150/50 107.6(742) 107.4(741) 0.130/70 105.2(725) 104.6(721) 0.210/90 101.0(696) 100.4(692) 0.51/99 98.6(680) 98.5(679) 0.120C216E/HFC-14399.0/1.0 101.2(698) 101.0(696) 0.291.9/8.1 103.5(714) 103.5(714) 061.0/39.0 96.6(666) 87.3(602) 9.625C216E/HFC-152a77.6/22.4 109.1(752) 109.1(752) 0.090/10 107.2(739) 106.7(736) 0.599/1 101.4(699) 101.1(697) 0.330 70/30 108.7(759) 108.5(748) 0.260/40 107.2(739) 106.2(732) 0.930/70 99.2(684) 94.8(654) 4.420/80 95.4(658) 91.0(627) 4.610/90 91.0(627) 87.9(606) 3.435 1/99 86.3(595) 86.0(593) 0.3C216E/HFC-16158.8/41.2 148.3(1023) 148.3(1023) 0.070/30 147.2(1015) 146.3(1009) 0.640 80/20 143.3(988) 139.1(959) 2.999/1 105.4(727) 102.2(705) 3.050/50 147.8(1019) 147.4(1017) 0.340/60 146.4(1010) 144.7(998) 1.230/70 144.1(994) 140.6(970) 2.445 20/80 140.8(971) 136.3(940) 3.21/99 130.9(903) 130.4(899) 0.4C216E/HFC-245cb95.1/4.9 100.6(694) 100.6(694) 0.050 99/1 100.4(692) 100.4(692) 0.070/30 96.9(668) 95.6(659) 1.3
5 60/40 94.1(694) 91.8(633) 2.450/50 90.8(626) 87.4(603) 3.740/60 87.0(600) 87.9(606) 1.030/70 82.8(571) 78.3(540) 5.420/80 78.0(538) 74.1(511) 5.010 1/99 68.0(469) 68.0(469) 0.0C-216E2/HFC-3236.0/64.0 272.4(1878) 272.4(1878) 0.015.0/85.0 269.3(1857) 256.1(1766) 4.915 1.0/99.0 250.4(1726) 246.8(1702) 1.460.0/40.0 269.3(1857) 261.3(1802) 3.080.0/20.0 250.6(1728) 179.7(1239) 28.370.0/30.0 263.9(1820) 238.7(1646) 9.571.0/29.0 263.0(1813) 235.0(1620) 10.620C-216E2/HFC-13460.5/39.5 88.6(611) 88.6(611) 0.080.0/20.0 86.7(598) 85.9(592) 0.999.0/1.0 77.6(535) 77.3(533) 0.425 40.0/60.0 87.2(601) 86.4(596) 0.920.0/80.0 83.2(574) 81.4(561) 2.21.0/99.0 76.5(527) 76.3(526) 0.3C-216E2/HFC-134a30 20.6/79.4 99.0(683) 99.0(683) 0.01.0/99.0 98.3(678) 98.3(678) 0.050.0/50.0 97.2(670) 96.8(667) 0.480.0/20.0 89.6(618) 87.6(604) 2.299.0/1.0 77.6(535) 77.3(533) 0.435C-216E2/HFC-14387.1/12.9 82.9(572) 82.9(572) 0.099.0/1.0 78.1(538) 77.5(534) 0.850.0/50.0 77.2(532) 55.6(383) 28.040 70.0/30.0 80.8(557) 78.5(541) 2.860.0/40.0 79.0(545) 73.1(504) 7.558.0/42.0 78.7(543) 71.2(491) 9.557.0/43.0 78.5(541) 70.1(483) 10.745 C-216E2/HFC-152a60.5/39.5 95.6(659) 95.6(659) 0.080.0/20.0 93.2(643) 92.1(635) 1.299.0/1.0 78.4(541) 77.7(536) 0.940.0/60.0 94.2(649) 93.5(645) 0.750 20.0/80.0 90.9(627) 89.5(617) 1.51.0/99.0 86.1(594) 85.9(592) 0.2
5C-216E2/HFC-16145.7/54.3 138.3(954) 138.3(954) 0.020.0/80.0 135.8(936) 134.6(928) 0.91.0/99.0 130.6(900) 130.4(899) 0.210 60.0/40.0 137.3(947) 136.4(940) 0.780.0/20.0 129.0(889) 120.3(829) 6.785.0/15.0 123.7(853) 111.0(765) 10.384.0/16.0 124.9(861) 113.1(780) 9.415 C-216E2/HFC-245cb74.7/25.3 81.3(561) 81.3(561) 0.099.0/1.0 77.2(532) 77.1(532) 0.150.0/50.0 79.3(547) 78.6(542) 0.920.0/80.0 73.1(504) 71.8(495) 1.820 1.0/99.0 67.7(467) 67.6(466) 0.1218E/HFC-13499.0/1.0 87.3(602) 84.7(584) 3.080.0/20.0 113.8(785) 109.9(758) 3.425 63.3/36.7 116.6(804) 116.6(804) 050.0/50.0 115.8(798) 114.5(789) 1.135.0/65.0 113.5(783) 102.7(708) 9.5218E/HFC-134a30 53.0/47.0 122.3(843) 122.3(843) 0.070/30 120.2(829) 117.8(812) 2.080/20 115.6(797) 109.1(752) 5.699/1 86.8(598) 84.7(584) 2.440/60 121.5(838) 120.3(830) 1.035 30/70 119.6(825) 115.6(797) 3.320/80 116.3(802) 108.0(745) 7.11/99 99.9(689) 98.4(679) 1.5218E/HFC-14340 99.0/1.0 90.6(625) 84.5(583) 6.785.3/14.7 103.7(715) 103.7(715) 057.0/43.0 102.4(706) 99.0(683) 3.3218E/HFC-152a45 68.2/31.8 124.0(855) 124.0(855) 0.080/20 112.4(775) 120.0(828) 6.899/1 89.5(617) 85.1(587) 4.960/40 123.6(852) 123.0(848) 0.550/50 122.6(845) 119.5(824) 2.550 40/60 121.0(834) 108.5(748) 10.341/59 121.2(836) 110.3(761) 9.0
5218E/HFC-16162.6/37.4 170.9(1179) 170.9(1179) 0.080/20 167.8(1157) 160.2(1105) 4.585/15 163.8(1130) 146.4(1010) 10.610 84/16 164.9(1137) 149.9(1034) 9.160/40 170.9(1179) 170.8(1178) 0.538/62 169.4(1168) 152.3(1050) 10.139/61 169.5(1169) 156.5(1079) 7.715 218E/HFC-263fb96.3/3.7 84.0(579) 84.0(579) 0.099/1 83.9(578) 83.9(578) 0.070/30 80.0(552) 78.5(541) 1.940/60 71.6(494) 66.1(456) 7.720 23/77 65.4(451) 59.1(407) 9.624/76 65.8(454) 59.4(409) 9.725/75 66.2(456) 60.2(415) 9.610/90 59.5(410) 55.5(383) 6.71/99 54.6(376) 54.1(373) 0.925218E2/HFC-1341.0/99.0 77.1(532) 76.2(525) 1.220.0/80.0 86.9(599) 83.1(573) 4.436.1/53.9 89.6(618) 89.6(618) 030 70.0/30.0 86.8(598) 83.0(572) 4.479.0/21.0 83.0(572) 74.8(516) 9.9218E2/HFC-134a24.7/75.3 101.1(697) 101.1(697) 0.035 10/90 100.2(691) 99.9(689) 0.31/99 98.5(679) 98.4(679) 0.140/60 100.2(691) 99.6(687) 0.650/50 98.7(681) 96.8(667) 1.970/30 92.0(634) 84.1(580) 8.640 73/27 90.2(622) 81.1(559) 10.172/28 90.8(626) 82.1(566) 9.6218E2/HFC-14391.0/9.0 70.7(487) 65.0(448) 8.145 78.3/21.7 72.6(501) 72.6(501) 052.0/48.0 71.8(495) 67.5(465) 6.0218E2/HFC-152a51.0/49.0 98.1(676) 98.1(676) 0.050 70/30 96.4(665) 93.9(647) 2.682/18 91.3(630) 82.0(565) 10.2
5 81/19 92.0(634) 83.5(576) 9.240/60 97.7(674) 97.1(670) 0.630/70 96.7(667) 94.5(652) 2.320/80 94.8(654) 90.5(624) 4.510/90 91.5(631) 87.3(602) 4.610 1/99 86.5(596) 85.9(592) 0.7218E2/HFC-16146.4/53.6 145.1(1001) 145.1(1001) 0.060/40 144.4(996) 143.2(988) 0.815 77/23 139.4(961) 126.7(874) 9.178/22 138.8(957) 124.5(859) 10.340/60 145.0(1000) 144.7(998) 0.230/70 144.3(995) 142.0(979) 1.620/80 142.7(984) 135.6(935) 5.020 10/90 139.1(959) 131.3(906) 5.61/99 131.5(907) 130.2(898) 1.0218E2/HFC-236fa89.8/10.2 52.6(362) 52.6(362) 0.025 99/1 52.3(360) 52.4(361) 0.270/30 51.8(357) 51.6(356) 0.460/40 50.8(350) 50.3(347) 1.050/50 49.7(342) 48.8(336) 1.830/70 46.6(321) 44.9(309) 3.630 20/80 44.6(307) 42.9(296) 3.810/90 42.2(291) 41.0(282) 2.81/99 39.7(273) 39.5(272) 0.5218E2/HFC-263fb35 60.5/39.5 57.9(399) 57.9(399) 0.070/30 57.7(398) 57.7(398) 0.090/10 55.4(382) 55.1(380) 0.599/1 52.7(363) 52.6(362) 0.250/50 57.7(398) 57.7(398) 0.040 30/70 56.7(391) 56.5(389) 0.420/80 56.0(386) 56.0(386) 0.010/90 55.0(379) 54.8(378) 0.41/99 54.1(373) 54.1(373) 0.045 C-225eEαβ/HFC-14355.9/44.1 38.0(262) 38.0(262) 0.080.0/20.0 36.7(253) 36.1(249) 1.699.0/1.0 31.6(218) 31.4(216) 0.620.0/80.0 36.1(249) 35.4(244) 1.950 1.0/99.0 33.3(230) 33.2(229( 0.3
5 C-225eEαβ/HFC-236cb16.7/83.3 33.7(232) 33.7(232) 0.01.0/99.0 33.6(232) 33.6(232) 0.050.0/50.0 33.3(230) 33.3(230) 0.080.0/20.0 32.3(223) 32.2(222) 0.310 99.0/1.0 31.2(215) 31.2(215) 0.0C-225eEαβ/HFC-236ea91.5/8.5 31.1(214) 31.1(214) 0.099.0/1.0 31.1(214) 31.1(214) 0.015 60.0/40.0 30.8(212) 30.8(212) 0.040.0/60.0 30.4(210) 30.3(209) 0.320.0/80.0 29.7(205) 29.6(204) 0.31.0/99.0 28.8(199) 28.8(199) 0.020 C-225eEαβ/HFC-245cb22.4/77.6 70.1(483) 70.1(483) 0.01.0/99.0 67.7(467) 67.6(466) 0.150.0/50.0 67.7(467) 65.7(453) 3.060.0/40.0 66.0(455) 61.7(425) 6.525 65.0/35.0 65.0(448) 58.5(403) 10.0227caEαβ/HFC-3217.9/82.1 253.4(1748) 253.4(1748) 0.010/90 252.8(1744) 251.8(1737) 0.430 1/99 247.9(1710) 247.1(1705) 0.340/60 251.3(1734) 248.0(1711) 1.360/40 244.7(1688) 223.4(1541) 8.761/39 244.0(1683) 221.0(1524) 9.462/38 243.4(1679) 218.2(1505) 10.435227caEαβ/HFC-14399.0/1.0 43.0(296) 41.8(288) 2.895.0/5.0 47.6(328) 44.4(306) 6.770.9/29.1 53.7(370) 53.7(370) 040 42.0/58.0 52.0(359) 46.9(323) 9.8227caEαβ/HFC-245cb8.1/91.9 67.5(465) 67.5(465) 0.01/99 67.4(465) 67.4(465) 0.045 30/70 66.7(460) 66.5(458) 0.350/50 64.5(445) 63.4(437) 1.770/30 60.2(415) 56.8(391) 5.677/23 57.9(399) 53.2(367) 8.180/20 56.6(390) 51.5(355) 9.050 82/18 55.8(385) 50.3(347) 9.883/17 55.3(381) 49.7(342) 10.1
5227caEαβ/HFC-272ca94.3/5.7 41.4(285) 41.4(285) 0.099/1 41.4(285) 41.4(285) 0.080/20 41.0(282) 41.0(282) 0.010 60/40 39.7(273) 39.4(271) 0.840/60 38.1(262) 37.6(259) 1.320/80 36.4(251) 35.9(247) 1.410/90 35.5(245) 35.2(242) 0.81/99 34.6(238) 34.6(238) 0.015227caEαβ/HFC-281ea31.5/68.5 47.4(327) 47.4(327) 0.020/80 47.3(326) 47.3(326) 0.010/90 47.2(325) 47.2(325) 0.020 1/99 47.1(325) 47.1(325) 0.050/50 47.2(325) 47.2(325) 0.070/30 46.5(320) 46.4(320) 0.290/10 44.2(305) 43.9(302) 0.799/1 41.7(287) 41.6(287) 0.225227caEαβ/HFC-281fa84.3/15.7 42.4(292) 42.4(292) 0.090/10 42.3(291) 42.3(291) 0.099/1 41.5(286) 41.5(286) 0.030 60/40 41.6(287) 41.4(285) 0.540/60 40.3(278) 40.0(276) 0.720/80 39.0(269) 38.7(267) 0.810/90 38.4(265) 38.2(263) 0.51/99 37.8(260) 37.8(260) 0.035227caEβγ/HFC-3228.4/71.6 269.7(1860) 269.7(1860) 0.010/90 268.6(1853) 247.0(1704) 8.01/99 255.3(1761) 246.7(1702) 3.440 40/60 269.4(1858) 268.8(1854) 0.260/40 266.6(1839) 255.3(1761) 4.267/33 263.7(1819) 238.6(1646) 9.568/32 263.1(1815) 235.0(1621) 10.645 227caEβγ/HFC-13434.8/65.2 82.7(571) 82.7(571) 0.010/90 80.0(552) 78.7(543) 1.65/95 78.4(541) 77.3(533) 1.41/99 76.6(529) 76.3(527) 0.050 50/50 81.9(565) 81.1(560) 1.060/40 80.3(554) 77.8(537) 3.1
5 70/30 77.3(533) 72.2(498) 6.677/23 74.1(511) 66.7(460) 10.076/24 74.6(515) 67.6(466) 9.4227caEβγ/HFC-134a10 1.9/98.1 98.3(678) 98.3(678) 0.01/99 98.3(678) 98.3(678) 0.020/80 97.2(670) 96.9(668) 0.330/70 95.8(661) 94.8(654) 1.050/50 91.0(627) 87.1(601) 4.315 68/32 83.3(574) 74.8(516) 10.267/33 83.8(578) 75.6(521) 9.8227caEβγ/HFC-14391.0/9.0 63.1(435) 57.4(396) 9.020 73.8/26.2 66.2(456) 66.2(456) 046.0/54.0 65.1(449) 59.1(407) 9.2227caEβγ/HFC-152a38.3/61.7 91.4(630) 91.4(630) 0.025 20/80 90.4(623) 89.6(618) 0.910/90 88.7(612) 87.6(604) 1.21/99 86.1(594) 85.9(592) 0.260/40 89.8(619) 88.0(607) 2.070/30 87.2(601) 82.7(570) 5.230 80/20 82.1(566) 73.1(504) 1178/22 83.4(575) 75.4(520) 9.679/21 82.8(571) 74.3(512) 10.2227caEβγ/HFC-16135 34.4/65.6 137.5(948) 137.5(948) 0.020/80 136.7(943) 135.6(935) 0.810/90 134.7(929) 132.6(914) 1.61/99 130.8(902) 130.4(899) 0.340/60 134.4(927) 137.3(947) 2.240 60/40 135.0(931) 131.0(903) 3.072/28 130.2(898) 117.8(812) 9.573/27 129.6(894) 116.0(800) 10.4227caEβγ/HFC-263fb45 32.9/67.1 54.6(376) 54.6(376) 0.020/80 54.5(376) 54.5(376) 0.010/90 54.3(374) 54.3(374) 0.01/99 54.0(372) 54.0(372) 0.050/50 54.4(375) 54.4(375) 0.050 70/30 53.4(368) 53.2(367) 0.490/10 50.9(351) 50.7(349) 0.4
5 99/1 49.0(338) 48.9(337) 0.2227caEβγ/HFC-272ca89.0/11.0 49.6(342) 49.6(342) 0.099/1 48.9(337) 48.9(337) 0.010 60/40 47.1(325) 46.0(317) 2.340/60 44.1(304) 41.3(285) 6.330/70 42.2(291) 38.9(268) 7.820/80 40.1(276) 36.9(254) 8.010/90 37.6(259) 35.4(244) 5.915 1/99 34.8(240) 34.6(238) 0.680/20 49.3(340) 49.2(339) 0.2227caEβγ/HFC-281ea73.1/26.9 54.0(372) 54.0(372) 0.020 80/20 53.8(371) 53.8(371) 0.090/10 52.6(362) 52.3(360) 0.099/1 49.3(340) 49.2(339) 0.660/40 53.4(368) 53.4(368) 0.240/60 52.0(358) 51.4(354) 0.025 30/70 51.0(351) 50.1(345) 1.810/90 48.6(335) 48.0(331) 1.21/99 47.3(326) 47.2(325) 0.2227caEβγ/HFC-281fa30 85.9/14.1 51.0(351) 51.0(351) 0.090/10 50.9(351) 50.9(351) 0.099/1 49.1(338) 49.1(338) 0.070/30 50.0(345) 49.5(341) 1.040/60 45.9(316) 43.3(298) 5.735 30/70 44.2(305) 41.2(284) 6.820/80 42.3(291) 39.6(273) 6.410/90 40.1(276) 38.5(265) 4.01/99 38.0(262) 37.8(260) 0.540 227eaE/HFC-3230.0/70.0 272.3(1878) 272.3(1878) 0.020/80 272.1(1877) 270.9(1869) 0.410/90 271.2(1871) 246.7(1702) 9.01/99 257.1(1774) 246.7(1702) 4.045 50/50 271.4(1872) 268.6(1853) 1.060/40 269.6(1860) 259.6(1791) 3.768/32 266.4(1838) 240.8(1661) 9.669/31 265.8(1834) 237.1(1636) 10.850 227eaE/HFC-1341.0/99.0 76.7(529) 76.3(526) 0.5
5 10.0/90.0 80.9(558) 78.9(544) 2.538.2/61.8 84.7(584) 84.7(584) 060.0/40.0 82.7(570) 80.7(556) 2.478.0/22.0 76.4(527) 69.1(476) 9.610 227eaE/HFC-134a9.3/90.7 98.6(680) 98.6(680) 0.01/99 98.3(678) 98.3(678) 0.030/70 97.2(670) 96.5(665) 0.740/60 95.5(659) 93.8(647) 1.815 60/40 89.6(618) 83.9(578) 6.470/30 84.6(583) 76.2(525) 9.071/29 84.0(579) 75.3(519) 10.4227eaE/HFC-14320 92.0/8.0 65.4(451) 59.1(408) 9.674.9/25.1 68.9(475) 68.9(475) 0.047.0/53.0 67.7(469) 61.7(426) 8.980.0/20.0 68.8(475) 68.4(472) 0.693.0/7.0 64.6(451) 57.7(398) 10.725 60.0/40.0 68.4(446) 67.6(466) 1.250.0/50.0 67.9(472) 65.2(450) 4.046.0/54.0 67.7(474) 59.0(407) 12.8227eaE/HFC-152a30 42.1/57.9 93.2(643) 93.2(643) 0.020/80 91.6(632) 90.3(623) 1.410/90 89.4(616) 87.8(605) 1.81/99 86.2(594) 85.9(592) 0.360/40 92.0(634) 90.7(625) 1.435 70/30 89.7(618) 85.8(592) 4.380/20 84.9(585) 76.5(527) 9.981/19 84.2(581) 75.2(518) 10.730/70 92.8(640) 92.3(636) 0.540 227eaE/HFC-16137.5/62.5 139.5(962) 139.5(962) 0.020/80 138.3(954) 136.4(941) 1.410/90 135.8(937) 132.6(914) 2.41/99 131.0(903) 130.3(899) 0.545 60/40 137.5(948) 134.2(926) 2.470/30 134.2(926) 124.8(866) 7.073/27 132.6(914) 120.1(828) 9.474/26 131.9(910) 118.3(816) 10.330/70 139.3(961) 139.0(959) 0.250227eaE/HFC-263fb
5 49.3/50.7 55.7(384) 55.7(384) 0.030/70 55.4(382) 55.3(381) 0.220/80 55.0(379) 55.0(379) 0.010/90 54.6(376) 54.5(376) 0.21/99 54.1(373) 54.0(372) 0.210 70/30 55.2(380) 55.1(380) 0.280/20 54.4(375) 54.3(374) 0.290/10 53.2(367) 53.0(365) 0.499/1 51.5(355) 51.5(355) 0.015 227eaE/HFC-272ca90.7/9.3 52.0(358) 52.0(358) 0.099/1 51.4(354) 51.4(354) 0.070/30 50.3(347) 49.6(342) 1.450/50 47.3(326) 44.7(308) 5.520 35/65 44.5(307) 40.4(278) 9.230/70 43.4(299) 39.1(269) 9.929/71 43.2(298) 38.8(267) 10.280/20 51.4(354) 51.2(353) 0.425 227eaE/HFC-281ea76.8/23.2 55.9(385) 55.9(385) 0.090/10 54.9(378) 54.7(377) 0.499/1 51.8(357) 51.7(356) 0.260/40 55.2(380) 54.8(378) 0.730 40/60 53.2(367) 52.1(359) 2.130/70 51.9(358) 50.6(349) 2.520/80 50.4(347) 49.2(339) 2.410/90 48.9(337) 48.1(331) 1.61/99 47.3(326) 47.2(325) 0.235227eaE/HFC-281fa87.6/12.4 53.3(367) 53.3(367) 0.099/1 51.7(356) 51.6(356) 0.260/40 50.5(348) 48.9(337) 3.240 40/60 47.2(325) 43.7(301) 7.430/70 45.2(311) 41.4(285) 8.420/80 43.0(296) 39.6(273) 7.910/90 40.5(279) 38.4(265) 5.21/99 38.0(262) 37.8(260) 0.545 70/30 51.9(358) 51.2(353) 1.3C-234fEαβ/HFC-245cb13.5/86.5 69.9(482) 69.9(482) 0.01.0/99.0 67.9(468) 67.7(467) 0.350 40.0/60.0 67.6(466) 65.6(452) 3.050.0/50.0 66.4(458) 63.6(439) 4.2
5 55.0/45.0 65.9(454) 62.0(427) 5.957.0/43.0 65.7(453) 60.7(419) 7.658.0/42.0 65.6(452) 59.5(410) 9.359.0/41.0 65.5(452) 57.5(396) 12.210 C-234fEαβ/HFC-245eb49.1/50.9 17.6(121) 17.6(121) 0.020.0/80.0 17.3(119) 17.3(119) 0.01.0/99.0 16.9(117) 16.9(117) 0.080.0/20.0 17.3(119) 17.3(119) 0.015 99.0/1.0 16.8(116) 16.8(116) 0.0C-234fEαβ/HFC-356mff59.0/41.0 18.8(130) 18.8(130) 0.080.0/20.0 18.4(127) 18.2(125) 1.120 99.0/1.0 16.9(117) 16.8(116) 0.640.0/60.0 18.5(128) 18.3(126) 1.120.0/80.0 17.3(119) 16.8(116) 2.910.0/90.0 16.2(112) 15.7(108) 3.11.0/99.0 14.8(102) 14.8(102) 0.025C-234fEαβ/HFC-356mmz50.1/49.9 20.1(139) 20.1(139) 0.020.0/80.0 19.1(132) 18.7(129) 2.11.0/99.0 16.8(116) 16.7(115) 0.630 80.0/20.0 19.2(132) 18.7(129) 2.699.0/1.0 16.9(117) 16.8(116) 0.6C-234fEβγ/HFC-245cb10.2/89.8 69.1(476) 69.1(476) 0.035 1.0/99.0 67.8(467) 67.7(467) 0.140.0/60.0 66.4(458) 64.4(444) 3.050.0/50.0 65.4(451) 62.7(432) 4.155.0/45.0 65.0(448) 61.0(421) 6.258.0/42.0 64.7(446) 52.6(363) 18.740 57.0/43.0 64.8(447) 57.9(399) 10.656.0/44.0 64.9(447) 60.0(414) 7.6C-234fEβγ/HFC-245ca33.6/66.4 14.5(100) 14.5(100) 0.045 15.0/85.0 14.4(99) 14.4(99) 0.01.0/99.0 14.2(98) 14.2(98) 0.060.0/40.0 14.3(99) 14.3(99) 0.080.0/20.0 13.9(96) 13.9(96) 0.099.0/1.0 13.3(92) 13.3(92) 0.050C-234fEβγ/HFC-245ea
5 36.0/64.0 14.5(100) 14.5(100) 0.015.0/85.0 14.4(99) 14.4(99) 0.01.0/99.0 14.2(98) 14.2(98) 0.060.0/40.0 14.4(99) 14.3(99) 0.780.0/20.0 14.0(97) 13.9(96) 0.710 99.0/1.0 13.3(92) 13.3(92) 0.0C-234fEβγ/HFC-254ca36.0/64.0 13.8(95) 13.8(95) 0.015.0/85.0 13.8(95) 13.8(95) 0.015 1.0/99.0 13.7(94) 13.7(94) 0.060.0/40.0 13.8(95) 13.8(95) 0.080.0/20.0 13.6(94) 13.6(94) 0.099.0/1.0 13.3(92) 13.3(92) 0.020 C-234fEβγ/HFC-356mff43.1/56.9 17.1(118) 17.1(118) 0.020.0/80.0 16.5(114) 16.3(112) 1.21.0/99.0 14.8(102) 14.8(102) 0.070.0/30.0 16.5(114) 16.0(110) 3.025 90.0/10.0 15.0(103) 14.0(97) 6.799.0/1.0 13.5(93) 13.3(92) 1.5C-234fEβγ/HFC-356mmz35.8/64.2 18.6(128) 18.6(128) 0.030 15.0/85.0 18.0(124) 17.8(123) 1.11.0/99.0 16.7(115) 16.7(115) 0.060.0/40.0 18.1(125) 17.6(121) 2.880.0/20.0 16.8(116) 15.3(105) 8.985.0/15.0 16.2(112) 14.5(100) 10.535 83.0/17.0 16.5(114) 14.8(102) 10.382.0/18.0 16.6(114) 15.0(103) 9.6236caE/HFC-14360.0/40.0 30.4(210) 27.4(189) 9.912.0/88.0 33.4(230) 33.4(231) 0.040 10.0/90.0 33.4(230) 33.4(230) 0.01.0/99.0 33.1(228) 33.1(228) 0.05.0/95.0 33.3(230) 33.3(230) 0.030.0/70.0 33.0(228) 33.0(228) 0.040.0/60.0 32.4(224) 31.7(219) 2.245 61.0/39.0 30.3(209) 27.1(187)10.6236caE/HFC-245ca1.0/99.0 14.2(98) 14.2(98) 0.010.0/90.0 14.1(97) 14.1(97) 0.050 20.0/80.0 14.0(97) 14.0(97) 0.030.0/70.0 13.9(96) 13.9(96) 0.0
5 40.0/60.0 13.8(95) 13.7(94) 0.750.0/50.0 13.6(94) 13.6(94) 0.060.0/40.0 13.5(93) 13.4(92) 0.770.0/30.0 13.3(92) 13.3(92) 0.080.0/20.0 13.2(91) 13.2(91) 0.010 90.0/10.0 13.1(90) 13.0(90) 0.899.0/1.0 12.9(89) 12.9(89) 0.0236caE/HFC-254ca15 17.6/82.4 13.7(94) 13.7(94) 0.010/90 13.7(94) 13.7(94) 0.01/99 13.7(94) 13.7(94) 0.030/70 13.7(94) 13.7(94) 0.050/50 13.6(93) 13.6(93) 0.020 70/30 13.4(92) 13.4(92) 0.090/10 13.1(90) 13.1(90) 0.099/1 13.0(89) 13.0(89) 0.040/60 13.7(94) 13.7(94) 0.025 236eaEβγ/HFC-14366.0/34.0 32.1(221) 29.1(201) 9.325.9/74.1 34.6(239) 34.6(239) 010.0/90.0 34.1(235) 33.9(234) 0.61.0/99.0 33.2(229) 33.2(229) 030236eaEβγ/HFC-245ca1.0/99.0 14.7(101) 14.7(101) 0.010.0/90.0 15.0(103) 15.0(103) 0.020.0/80.0 15.4(106) 15.3(105) 0.635 30.0/70.0 15.6(108) 15.6(108) 0.040.0/60.0 15.8(109) 15.8(109) 0.050.0/50.0 16.0(110) 16.0(110) 0.060.0/40.0 16.1(111) 16.1(111) 0.069.1/30.9 16.1(111) 16.1(111) 0.040 80.0/20.0 16.1(111) 16.1(111) 0.090.0/10.0 15.9(110) 15.9(110) 0.099.0/1.0 15.7(108) 15.7(108) 0.0236eaEβγ/HFC-263ca45 4.1/95.9 18.2(125) 18.2(125) 0.01/99 18.2(125) 18.2(125) 0.030/70 18.1(124) 18.1(124) 0.050/50 17.9(123) 17.8(122) 0.670/30 17.3(119) 17.2(118) 0.650 90/10 16.4(113) 16.3(112) 0.699/1 15.8(109) 15.8(109) 0.0
5236eaEβγ/HFC-338mf92.6/7.4 16.2(111) 16.1(111) 0.699/1 15.8(109) 15.7(108) 0.670/30 17.4(120) 17.2(118) 1.110 50/50 18.1(124) 18.0(124) 0.640/60 18.4(127) 18.4(127) 0.030/70 18.6(128) 18.6(128) 0.010/90 18.8(129) 18.8(129) 0.01/99 18.8(129) 18.8(129) 0.015236eaEβγ/HFC-356mff1.0/99.0 14.9(103) 14.9(103) 0.010.0/90.0 15.1(104) 15.1(104) 0.020.0/80.0 15.2(105) 15.2(105) 0.020 30.0/70.0 15.3(106) 15.3(106) 0.040.0/60.0 15.4(106) 15.4(106) 0.050.0/50.0 15.5(107) 15.5(107) 0.060.0/40.0 15.6(108) 15.6(108) 0.070.0/30.0 15.6(108) 15.6(108) 0.025 80.0/20.0 15.7(108) 15.7(108) 0.090.0/10.0 15.7(108) 15.7(108) 0.096.9/3.1 15.7(108) 15.7(108) 0.099.0/1.0 15.7(108) 15.7(108) 0.030 236eaEβγ/HFC-356mmz15.1/84.9 16.6(114) 16.6(114) 0.01/99 16.6(114) 16.6(114) 0.030/70 16.6(114) 16.6(114) 0.050/50 16.5(113) 16.5(113) 0.035 70/30 16.2(111) 16.2(111) 0.090/10 15.9(109) 15.9(109) 0.099/1 15.7(108) 15.7(108) 0.0236faE/HFC-3240 8.5/91.5 248.6(1715) 248.6(1715) 0.01/99 247.2(1705) 247.0(1704) 0.120/80 247.5(1707) 246.5(1700) 0.440/60 243.5(1680) 236.4(1631) 2.950/50 240.0(1656) 224.0(1545) 6.745 55/45 237.3(1637) 213.8(1475) 9.956/44 236.7(1633) 211.3(1458) 10.7
5 236faE/HFC-14384.0/16.0 42.2(291) 38.2(264) 9.556.9/43.1 45.1(311) 45.1(311) 0.030.0/70.0 43.8(302) 40.4(279) 7.828.0/72.0 43.6(301) 39.5(272) 9.410 40.0/60.0 44.6(308) 43.6(301) 2.227.0/73.0 43.5(300) 39.0(269) 10.370.0/30.0 44.6(308) 43.9(303) 1.680.0/20.0 43.2(298) 40.5(280) 6.386.0/14.0 41.4(286) 37.0(255) 10.615 85.0/15.0 41.8(288) 37.6(259) 10.0236faE/HFC-272ca27.8/72.2 34.8(240) 34.8(240) 0.010/90 34.7(239) 34.7(239) 0.020 1/99 34.5(238) 34.5(238) 0.040/60 34.7(239) 34.7(239) 0.060/40 34.2(236) 34.1(235) 0.370/30 33.7(232) 33.5(231) 0.690/10 31.6(218) 31.3(216) 0.925 99/1 29.8(205) 29.8(205) 0.0236faE/HFC-272fb82.3/17.7 30.2(208) 30.2(208) 0.099/1 29.7(204) 29.7(204) 0.030 70/30 30.0(207) 30.0(207) 0.050/50 29.3(202) 29.2(201) 0.340/60 28.9(199) 28.6(197) 1.030/70 28.3(195) 28.0(193) 1.120/80 27.7(191) 27.5(189) 0.735 10/90 27.1(187) 26.9(185) 0.71/99 26.5(182) 26.5(182) 0.0236faE/HFC-281fa9.3/90.7 37.7(260) 37.7(260) 0.040 1/99 37.7(260) 37.7(260) 0.020/80 37.7(260) 37.7(260) 0.040/60 37.4(258) 37.4(258) 0.060/40 36.6(252) 36.4(251) 0.570/30 35.9(247) 35.6(245) 0.845 80/20 34.8(240) 34.2(236) 1.790/10 32.9(227) 32.3(222) 1.899/1 30.0(207) 29.9(206) 0.3245faEβγ/HFC-356mff50 1.0/99.0 14.9(103) 14.9(103) 0.04.4/95.6 14.9(103) 14.9(103) 0.0
10.0/90.0 14.9(103) 14.9(103) 0.020.0/80.0 14.8(102) 14.8(102) 0.030.0/70.0 14.7(101) 14.7(101) 0.040.0/60.0 14.6(100) 14.6(100) 0.050.0/50.0 14.4(99) 14.3(99) 0.760.0/40.0 14.2(98) 14.1(97) 0.770.0/30.0 13.9(96) 13.8(95) 0.780.0/20.0 13.6(93) 13.4(93) 1.590.0/10.0 13.2(91) 13.1(90) 0.899.0/1.0 12.8(88) 12.7(88) 0.8實(shí)施例3制冷性能下表顯示出各種組合物的制冷性能。除所指出的地方外,所有數(shù)據(jù)均基于以下條件蒸發(fā)器溫度 45.0°F(72℃)冷凝器溫度 130.0°F(54.4℃)低溫冷卻溫度 15°F回氣溫度 65.0°F(18.3℃)壓縮機(jī)效率為75%。
表4Evap. Cond. CapacityRefrig. Press. Press. Comp.Dis. BTU/minComp. Psia(kPa) Psia(kPa) Temp.°F(℃) COP (kw)HCFC-22 90.6(625) 312.6(2155) 212.8(100.4) 3.41 351.3(6.2)125E/HFC-32
實(shí)施例4下表顯示出各種組合物的制冷性能。數(shù)據(jù)基于以下條件蒸發(fā)器溫度 40.0°F(4.4℃)冷凝器溫度 100.0°F(37.8℃)壓縮機(jī)效率為75%回氣溫度 60.0°F
5.0/95.0 16.4(113) 49.4(341) 113.0(45.0) 5.31 85.7(1.5)95.0/5.0 6.0(41) 22.0(152) 107.9(42.2) 5.53 38.5(0.7)245faEβγ/HFC-272ea5.0/95.0 9.4(65) 30.9(213) 118.9(48.3) 5.55 56.0(1.0)95.0/5.0 5.6(39) 21.2(146) 107.5(41.9) 5.40 35.7(0.6)245faEβγ/HFC-272fb5.0/95.0 12.2(84) 38.9(268) 117.8(47.7) 5.46 69.4(1.2)95.0/5.0 5.8(40) 21.5(148) 107.3(41.8) 5.50 37.2(0.7)245faEβγ/HFC-281ea5.0/95.0 23.1(159) 65.9(454) 118.1(47.8) 5.45 117.8(2.1)95.0/5.0 6.5(45) 23.6(163) 110.5(43.6) 5.60 42.0(0.7)245faEβγ/HFC-281fa5.0/95.0 18.1(125) 53.9(372) 117.9(47.7) 5.48 97.0(1.7)95.0/5.0 6.3(43) 22.9(158) 109.3(42.9) 5.55 40.2(0.7)實(shí)施例5下表顯示出各種組合物的制冷性能。數(shù)據(jù)基于以下條件蒸發(fā)器溫度 10.0°F(-12.2℃)冷凝器溫度 90.0°F(32.2℃)回氣溫度 30.0°F(-1.1℃)壓縮機(jī)效率為75%。
表6Evap. Cond. 能力Refrig. Press. Press. Comp.Dis. BTU/minComp. Psia(kPa) Psia(kPa) Temp.°F(℃) COP (kw)HCFC-22 47.9(330) 183.6(1266) 179.1(81.7) 3.62 217.7(3.8)116E/HFC-32
5.0/95.0 16.7(115) 68.0(469) 132.1(55.6) 4.17 88.8(1.6)95.0/5.0 89.7(618) 287.7(1983) 103.1(39.5) 3.08 266.6(4.7)116E/HFC-281fa5.0/95.0 14.0(96) 57.7(398) 129.9(54.4) 4.39 78.9(1.4)95.0/5.0 85.8(591) 273.8(1887) 110.5(43.6) 2.99 249.5(4.4)實(shí)施例6下表顯示出各種組合物的制冷性能。數(shù)據(jù)基于以下條件蒸發(fā)器溫度 40.0°F(4.4℃)冷凝器溫度 100.0°F(37.8℃)低溫冷卻溫度 0°F(-17.8℃)回氣溫度 40.0°F(4.4℃)壓縮機(jī)效率為75%。
表7Evap. Cond. 能力Refrig. Press. Press. Comp.Dis. BTU/minComp. Psia(kPa) Psia(kPa) Temp.°F(℃) COP (kw)236eaEβγ/HFC-245ca69.1/30.9 6.8(47) 25.2(174) 101.5(38.6) 5.32 42.1(0.7)236caE/HFC-245ca16.1/83.9 6.1(42) 23.3(161) 108.3(42.3) 5.41 39.6(0.7)236eaEβγ/HFC-356mff*96.9/3.1 6.8(47) 25.2(174) 113.4(45.2) 5.11 40.4(0.7)*回氣溫度=55.0°F(12.8℃)245faEβγ/HFC-356mff*4.4/95.6 6.5(45) 23.2(160) 108.5(42.5) 5.04 36.8(0.6)*回氣溫度=55.0°F(12.8℃)
下列化合物有指示HGWP(所有HGWP值均相對(duì)于CFC-11=1.0)。HGWP相對(duì)于CFC-11的HGWP被測(cè)定如下HGWP=(IR吸收(A)/IR吸收(CFC-11))×(t(A)/t(CFC-11))×(質(zhì)量(CFC-11)/質(zhì)量(A))這里A是被分析氣體;
IR吸收為在研究區(qū)域中截面的總紅外吸收,即這里水和CO2不吸收;
t=大氣的生存時(shí)間;以及質(zhì)量=原子質(zhì)子化合物 HGWPHFC-125 0.84HFC-134 ≈0.28HFC-134a 0.28HFC-143a 1.1FC-218 >10134E ≈0.1143aE ≈0.2制備氟代醚和HFC的組合物并且組合物具指示HGWP。
組合物 HGWP(wt.%/wt/%)134E/HFC-125 0.25(80.0/20.0)134E/HFC-125 0.5(46.0/54.0)134E/HFC-134 0.14(80.0/20.0)134E/HFC-134a 0.14(80.0/20.0)134E/HFC-143a 0.3(80.0/20.0)143aE/HFC-125 0.33(80.0/20.0)143aE/HFC-143a 0.38(80.0/20.0)143aE/HFC-125 0.5(53.0/47.0)143aE/HFC-134 0.22(80.0/20.0)143aE/HFC-134a 0.22(80.0/20.0)本發(fā)明包括共沸或類共沸物組合物的新組合物可以通過在待冷卻物體附近冷凝該組合物然后再蒸發(fā)冷凝液來產(chǎn)生制冷作用。新組合物也可以用來產(chǎn)生熱,這是通過在待加熱的物體附近冷凝制冷劑然后再將制冷劑蒸發(fā)來完成的。
除制冷應(yīng)用外,本發(fā)明新的恒沸或基本上恒沸的組合物也可以用作氣霧劑推進(jìn)劑、熱交換介質(zhì)、氣體電介質(zhì)、滅火劑、聚乙烯和聚氨基甲酸乙酯的膨脹劑和動(dòng)力循環(huán)工作流體。
也可以將添加劑如潤滑劑,腐蝕抑制劑、穩(wěn)定劑、染料和其它適當(dāng)?shù)臇|西加到本發(fā)明新的組合物中以用于多種用途,但條件是它們對(duì)組合物的預(yù)期的應(yīng)用沒有不利的影響。優(yōu)選的潤滑劑包括分子量在250以上的酯類。
權(quán)利要求
1.制冷劑組合物,包括(a)式CaFbH2a+2-bO它的環(huán)或無環(huán)氟代醚或CF3OCF2CF3,式中a=2或3并且b=3、4、6、7或8以及當(dāng)a=3時(shí)b=5;和(b)式CnFmH2n+2-m的氟代烴,式中1≤n≤4和1≤m≤8。
2.由重量百分?jǐn)?shù)為1-49的CHF2OCF3和重量百分?jǐn)?shù)為51-99的式CnFmH2n+2-m氟代烴組成的制冷劑組合物,式中1≤n≤4并且1≤m≤8。
3.含有效量以下化合物生成的共沸或類共沸物組合物。amounts of| 116E和
HFC-32,HFC-41,HFC-125,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-143a,HFC-152a或HFC-161;125E和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a或HFC-161;134E和HFC-143,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea,HFC-236ca,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea,HFC-236fa,HFC-245cb,HFC-254cb,HFC-254eb,HFC-338mf或HFC-356mff;134aE和HFC-143,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea或HFC-245cb;143aE和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-143a,HFC-152a,HFC-227ca,HFC-227ea或HFC-245cb;C216E和
HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-245cb;C-216E2和
HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,和
HFC-245cb;218E和
HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161或HFC-263fb;218E2和
HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-236fa或HFC-263fb;C-225eEαβ和HFC-143,HFC-236cb,HFC-236ea,和HFC-245cb;227caEαβ和HFC-32,HFC-143,HFC-245cb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;227caEβγ和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;227eaE和HFC-32,HFC-134,HFC-134a,HFC-143,HFC-152a,HFC-161,HFC-263fb,HFC-272ca,HFC-281ea或HFC-281fa;236caE和HFC-143,HFC-245ca或HFC-254ca;C-234fEαβ和HFC-245cb,HFC-245eb,HFC-356mff和HFC-356mmz;C-234fEβγ和HFC-245ca,HFC-245cb,HFC-245ea,HFC-254ca或HFC-356mmz;236eaEβγ和HFC-143,HFC-245ca,HFC-263ca,HFC-338mf,HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmz;236faE和HFC-32,HFC-143,HFC-272ca,HFC-272fb or HFC-281fa;或245faEβγ和HFC-356mff或HFC-356mmzazeotropic or azeotrope-like composition.
4.含有效量的第一成分和第二成分的組合物,其中第一成分包括氟代烴,并且第二成分包括氟代醚并且其鹵化碳全球變暖能力小于第一成分的鹵化碳全球變暖能力,這樣就使組合物的鹵化碳全球變暖能力低于第一成分的鹵化碳全球變暖能力。
全文摘要
本發(fā)明涉及包括至少一種氟代醚和至少一個(gè)氟代烴的組合物。本發(fā)明包括式C
文檔編號(hào)C09K5/00GK1082088SQ93106759
公開日1994年2月16日 申請(qǐng)日期1993年5月28日 優(yōu)先權(quán)日1992年5月28日
發(fā)明者D·L·克盧格, B·H·邁納, D·M·佩特龍, T·E·C奇索姆, A·C·西弗特 申請(qǐng)人:納幕爾杜邦公司
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